New therapy wipes out cervical cancer in two women

Aricca Wallace knew she was nearly out of time.

For more than three years, she had suffered cramping and irregular bleeding, which her doctor thought was a side effect of her birth control implant, known as an intrauterine device, or IUD.

Her annual Pap smears were always normal, so no one suspected cancer.

Except it was cancer, and by the time the 34-year-old mother of two had the IUD removed and was finally diagnosed, her tumors had reached stage three and the disease was spreading through the lymph nodes in her abdomen and chest.

“I was told by a specialist that there wasn’t any chemo that could kill it, and that I’d be gone in a year.”

That was in February 2012. A few months later, Wallace’s doctor told her about an immunotherapy trial at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Centre, a research hospital just outside the US capital.

Wallace enrolled. Doctors removed one of her tumours and collected some of the immune cells that were surrounding it.

They selected specific T-cells that would attack human papillomavirus.

HPV is a common sexually transmitted disease, and most adults get it at some point in their lives. While HPV is often harmless, some strains can cause genital warts or lead to cancers of the cervix, anus, head, neck and throat.

Some 70 per cent of cervical cancers are caused by HPV types 16 and 18.

The idea behind HPV-targeted adoptive T-cell therapy is to boost the body’s immune response to HPV in the tumours.

Wallace first endured a week-long regimen of strong chemotherapy to knock out her immune system. Then came the infusion, which aimed to rebuild her defences with more than 100 billion of her lab-grown T-cells that targeted the tumours.

After that, she was given two doses of aldesleukin, which helps the immune cells grow. 

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Pedophiles' brains go abnormal in presence of kids

Soon, there could be a test to determine if a person is sexually oriented towards children as researchers have now discovered that some areas of the brains in pedophiles activate abnormally when they see faces of children.

"It is important to find out if an adult's brain shows an increased response to child faces because they are normally constantly exposed to child faces and not because they are pedophiles - for instance, if they are teachers, or someone who works with children," said Jorge Ponseti, a sex researcher at Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel in Germany.

The study involved scanning the brains of 56 men - 11 heterosexual pedophiles, 13 homosexual pedophiles, 18 nonpedophile heterosexuals and 14 nonpedophile homosexuals - using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

As the researchers scanned the brains of the volunteers, they briefly flashed pictures of men's, women's, boys' and girls' faces at the volunteers in random order.

The researchers asked the men to rate the attractiveness of each face after the brain scans.

In the men who were attracted to adults, images of adult faces activated a number of brain regions significantly more than child faces did.

These areas of the brain, such as occipital areas, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, the putamen and nucleus caudatus, are known to help people respond to both faces and sexual behaviour.

These same regions were significantly more active in pedophiles when they were shown child faces than when they were shown adult faces.

The study appeared in the journal Biology Letters.

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Good bacteria that protects against HIV identified

Can bacteria keep the deadly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) at bay? Experts from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston believe so. In an article written in the PLOS ONE journal, they have said that they have identified some good bacteria'' that could protect women from HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections.

A press release put out online by the university said they had identified the good bacteria after growing vaginal skin cells outside the body and studying the way they interacted with "good and bad" bacteria.

"The health of the human vagina depends on a symbiotic/mutually beneficial relationship with "good" bacteria that live on its surface feeding on products produced by vaginal skin cells. These good bacteria, in turn, create a physical and chemical barrier to bad bacteria and viruses including HIV,'' said the release.

The research team, led by Richard Pyles, said they discovered that certain bacterial communities alter the way HIV infects and replicates. In their current studies, a bacterial community associated with a symptomatic condition called bacterial vaginosis substantially reduced the antiviral activity of one of the leading anti-HIV medicines. Conversely, vaginal surfaces occupied by healthy bacteria and treated with the antiviral produced significantly less HIV than those vaginal surfaces without bacteria treated with the same antiviral.

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HPV tied to higher esophageal cancer risk

A new review of previous research links infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) to a three-fold greater chance of oesophageal cancer.

"This doesn`t mean it is present in all (oesophageal cancers), but it may be a factor in a certain proportion of cases," said  the study`s lead author.

HPV is a very common sexually transmitted virus that is known to cause cervical cancer, anal cancer and some cancers of the reproductive organs and the upper throat.

The author said there`s been a lot of debate among researchers about the role of HPV in cancer of the oesophagus because most of the studies to date have been small and used disparate methods that make them hard to compare.
Worldwide, esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and responsible for some 400,000 deaths a year, according to World Health Organization data.

To get a better handle on the relationship between HPV and oesophageal cancer,the researchers gathered results from all of the studies that have compared patients with the cancer to people without it.

The studies focused on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, one type of oesophageal cancer that affects the lining of the oesophagus.

In each study, oesophagus tissue samples from cancer patients and from patients without the cancer were examined to see if HPV was present.

The 21 studies the group analysand included 1,223 people with oesophageal cancer and 1,415 people without cancer.

HPV was found in the oesophagus tissue of 35 percent of the cancer patients, compared to 27 percent of the people without oesophagus cancer.

Taken together, the studies link HPV infection of oesophageal tissue to a three-fold greater risk of oesophagus cancer, the researchers reported .

If the general population`s rate of oesophagus cancer is 4.4 out of every 100,000 people, a three-fold risk increase would raise those chances to 13.2 out of every 100,000.

Two vaccines, Cervarix and Gardasil, have been developed to prevent infection with HPV.If HPV indeed causes oesophageal cancer - and that remains to be determined - it`s possible that the vaccines could help prevent the cancer, the researcher said.

"However, this needs to be studied further. The benefits of cancer-preventing vaccines are not seen immediately, but after many years following vaccination," the Dr. wrote in an email.The Dr. said there are also other ways to reduce the risk of developing oesophageal cancer, including avoiding smoking and excessive drinking.

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Condoms are actually great for the vagina

Apart from preventing unwanted pregnancies and spread of sexually transmitted diseases, condoms may help good bacteria in the vagina flourish, a new study has found. 

Sexually active women in the study who used condoms had larger colonies of beneficial microbes in their vaginas compared with women who used other forms of birth control, the researchers at found. 

The scientists focused on lactobacillus, a group of bacteria that dominates the natural flora of the vagina for many women. 

The microbes, which produce lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, help the vagina maintain an average pH of 4.5, comparable to the acidity of beer or tomato juice, it was reported.

This "acidic buffer system," as the researchers called it, is thought to block harmful bacteria from taking up residence and causing infections. 

Though there may not be a "normal" microbiome for a healthy vagina, the presence of lactobacillus is thought to help prevent bacterial vaginosis, which is an imbalance of vaginal bacteria that causes itching, unusual discharge and unpleasant odour. 

Beneficial bacteria have even been linked to a decreased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 


ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

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for info about knee replacement, you can view my blog-

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Sex 'superbug' feared to be 'more infectious than AIDS'

Health officials are warning that two cases of a so-called 'sex superbug' have been confirmed in Hawaii.

Hawaii News Now reports that the 'sex superbug' is a resistant strain of gonorrhea.

The 'sex superbug' called H041 was first discovered in Japan in 2011. It spread to Hawaii, and has now surfaced in California and Norway.

Doctors are warning that an antibiotic-resistant strain of gonorrhoea, now considered a superbug, has the potential to be as deadly as the AIDS virus.

 

Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in North America.  

This might be a lot worse than AIDS in the short run because the bacteria is more aggressive and will affect more people quickly.

Getting gonorrhea from this strain might put someone into septic shock and death in a matter of days,’ said a Dr. ‘This is very dangerous.’ 

Although no deaths from HO41 have been reported as yet, experts say avoiding the disease completely is the best course of action.

People need to practice safe sex, like always. Anyone beginning a new relationship should get tested along with their partner. 

The way gonorrhea works, not everyone knows they have it. And with this new strain it's even more important than ever to find out.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease that has been known since medieval times. Sometimes known as ‘the clap,’ the infection can result in painful sores and genital discharge, and is associated with ectopic pregnancies and sterility in both men and women. 

Left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to a host of complications including pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and blood stream infections.

It also raises the risk for HIV because the lesions permit the AIDS-causing virus easier access to the bloodstream.

Gonorrhea is especially common among people between the ages of 15 and 24.

The disease became curable in the 1940s when penicillin and other antibiotics were introduced. Since then, the medical world has created more new drugs that killed the ever-mutating gonorrhea bacteria.

Cephalosporin, the last available class of antibiotics recommended for the treatment of gonorrhea, has been failing worldwide and there is the very real prospect that all types of gonorrhea will soon become untreatable.