Red Flag #4: Blue Leg Veins
If you find your veins are suddenly
these ropy, bluish-purplish lines snaking down your legs, then it may
be a sign that some of them are no longer working properly. Venous
disease, better known as varicose veins, can mean a mild cosmetic defect
or it can mean pain, cramping and having trouble walking. Veins, not
unlike one-way shutters, use valves to transfer blood and keep it
circulating. If they get to a point when they don't work anymore, the
blood can leak into the vein and pool there.
Additional Signs: Varicose
veins may be mistaken for another vein disease, known as spider veins,
which creates a web-like pattern of smaller blue or red veins. You'll
notice the difference because varicose veins are larger, darker in color
and are sometimes raised. They will at times look twisted (the latin
word varix means "twisted"). It's a very common condition. In
fact, half the population of people over 50 suffer from some form of
varicose veins. Women are especially affected, and the first signs of
them may first appear during pregnancy.
Treatment:
The best treatment you can start yourself is exercising, wearing
special compression stockings, and avoiding certain postures that
constrict your veins, such as crossing your legs when sitting. However,
these will only deal with the discomfort of varicose veins, and will not
make them go away. Not all varicose veins cause health issues, but if
your veins cause you any pain or become warm or tender to the touch -
tell your doctor immediately.
Veins that are deeply damaged can
cause dangerous blood clots that may endanger you. Medical treatment
options include surgery and sclerotherapy, which is injecting a special
solution into the vein to shut it down.
Red Flag #5: Brown Spots on Your Legs
We tend to bang the front of our
legs along the shins as we walk, without even noticing it. However, if
someone is suffering from diabetes, it damages the capillaries and small
blood vessels and, when these receive physical damage, they may leak,
leading to the brown spots also known as diabetic demopathy.
Additional signs: Feel
the brown patches. They may be rough to the touch, almost scaly, and
are usually seen in circle or oval shapes. They shouldn't hurt.
While we're at it, another skin
change that may indicate a person is a diabetic is an unhealed sore on
the foot. Diabetics slowly lose the feeling of heat, cold, touch and
pain in their feet, so they may not notice blisters or sores that may
have become infected.
Treatment: If
the person showing the signs is a known diabetic, then these brown
spots are nothing to worry about and do not lead to anything. However,
if the person has not yet been diagnosed as a diabetic, then other
symptoms should be checked, such as excessive urination, thirst, blurry
vision, weight loss, etc.
Red Flag #6: A Burning, Itchy Rash You Can't Get Rid Of
If you have small clusters of itchy
blisters that seem to show up on your forearms near the elbows, knees,
buttocks, back, face or scalp, you may suffer from dermatitis
herpetiformis, which is a sign of celiac disease - an allergy to gluten.
About 1 in 4 patients with celiac disease display these blisters.
Additional signs: The
blisters will appear on both sides of your body, and the itching and
burning sensation will be very intense, to the point where you can't
stop scratching it.
These blisters are most common on those between the ages of 30 and 40, and most commonly in people of northern European decent.
Treatment: Report
the blisters to your doctor or a dermatologist to take a blood test and
a biopsy of the small intestine, which allows to detect dermatitis herpetiformis.
Usually, a gluten-free diet for the rest of your life is what it takes
to avoid further symptoms. The blisters may be treated with certain
medications.
Red Flag #7: Purple Splotches on Your Skin
If you have a bruise that doesn't
seem to go away, there may be blood vessels leaking under your skin.
This may be caused by several things, from a bleeding disorder to
scurvy (a vitamin C deficiency). However, in those over the age of 65,
who see this symptom often, it usually means the skin has been made thin
and fragile by years of exposure to sun, which damages and weakens
blood vessels. The condition is named, unfortunately, senile purpura
(from Latin, meaning "Purple").
It's important to note that
excessive use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, vitamin E
and a number of other medications older adult may take to boost their
memory, can actually worsen the problem. Blood thinners such as alcohol
or steroids can have the same effect.
Additional signs:
A classic bruise tends to turn
black and blue following an injury. With purpura, in contrast, there
doesn't need to be any trauma; the discoloration starts as red and turns
purple, persisting longer than a bruise before fading or remaining
brownish. The purple skin doesn't blanch (fade or lose color) when you
press it. Purpura can cover large patches of skin or show up as small
purple speckles called petechiae. No matter what the size, the purple
areas are most common on the forearms, legs, and backs of the hands.
Treatment:
Extensive or persistent bruises should always be evaluated by a doctor,
as should someone who seems to bruise easily. It's important to rule out
underlying causes such as a bleeding disorder.
Red Flag #8: Itchiness Without Rash
Feeling itchy is a common
occurence, even without mosquito bites. But when it is persistent and
there is no change on the skin (no bites, no rash), it may be pruritis,
which is one of the earlier signs of lymphoma, a type of cancer in the
lymph system. As the two types of lymphoma are Hodgkin's disease and
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the itchiness is known as "the Hodgkin itch").
Additional signs:
The level of itchiness should be
more intense than that caused by dry skin. It is most commonly felt in
the lower legs. More rarely, the skin may look reddish and inflamed.
Another early symptom of lymphoma
is the swelling of the lymph nodes in the armpit, collarbone, neck or
groin. However, there are other reasons lymph nodes may be swolen, like
an infection.
Treatment: If the intchiness does not go away, consult with your doctor and get tested to rule out possible conditions.
Red Flag #9: Very Pale Skin and Blue-Tinged Nails
Severe anemia may be indicated by
the skin turning paler than usual on the face and on the palms. Anemia
can be caused by a lack of iron in the blood, an ulcer, bowel diseases,
among other causes. Iron-deficiency is not uncommon among adults over
the age of 70, who may no longer prepare nutritious meals for themselves
or have stopped due to other medical issues.
Additional signs:
Regular paleness only affects the skin, but anemia also affects the red
tissues in our mouths, lips and gums. These may turn a paler version of
their usual color. Other symptoms that come with anemia are tiring
easily, getting headaches, suffering dizziness and shortness of breath.
Treatment: Today
it is quite easy to get over-the-counter iron supplements. Most cases of
anemia can be treated with the introduction of iron into the
bloodstream. Other than supplements, it's advised to eat iron-rich foods
(such as egg yolks, dried fruit, red meat, leafy green vegetables,
liver, among others), combined with vitamin C, which helps the iron get
absorbed. You may want to consult a nutritionist or doctor to decide on
a proper diet for your iron deficiency.
Red Flag #10: Tingling and Rash
There is a painful condition known
as the herpes zoster, but better known as shingles. It is transmitted by
the same virus that gives people chicken pox. People who have had
chicken pox usually overcome it, and the virus retreats to our sensory
nerves. It usually doesn't appear again, but certain conditions, such as
stress, infection, certain drugs or a problematic immune system may
cause the virus to reactivate years and decades later.
Additional signs: The
rash is often preceded by a burning sensation on the skin and
sensitivity to the touch. Sometimes appearing days or weeks beforehand.
Some experience it as mild pain. The rash will look like little red
bumps, not unlike chicken pox itself, raised from the skin and appearing
on the legs, face and neck (sometimes the trunk). It will only appear
on one side, left or right. It will stay for a few days, then turn into
pustules filled with fluid, which, if not touched, will crust over about
a week to 10 days later.
Treatment:
As soon as you feel this pain, you
should go see a doctor. The first 72 hours allows for an antiviral
medication that can significantly reduce the severity of shingles and
lower your risk of developing a further complication called postherpetic
neuralgia. This condition may cause the terrible pain of shingles to
continue for weeks, months, or even years. This can happen to any age
group, but is more common in people over 70.
Another good idea is to ask your doctor about the shingles vaccine, which is recommended for all adults over the age of 60.
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