Here’s why children with autism lack applied behaviour analysis therapists for recommended treatment

As the number of cases suffering from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing, a recent study says how insufficient is the supply of certified applied behaviour analysis (ABA) providers to meet the needs of children with autism.

The study has found that there is substantial variation across states and regions. For instance, the per capita supply of certified ABA providers is substantially higher in the Northeast than in any other region in the USA.

The rising prevalence of ASD underscores the importance of access to evidence-based interventions such as ABA. An estimated one in 59 children had ASD in 2014, up from one in 125 a decade earlier, according to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention.

ABA uses behavioural learning principles to help children with ASD increase positive behaviours and social interactions and decrease problematic behaviours.

It is the recommended treatment for children with autism and is supported by more than 30 years of research. ABA is most effective when it is started at early childhood and the therapy is provided between 20 and 40 hours per week.

Study authors compared the per capita supply of certified ABA providers in each state with a benchmark established using the board’s guidelines.

They found that the per capita supply of certified ABA providers fell below the benchmark in 49 states. The supply was highest in the Northeast, which included the top seven states in the US based on per capita ABA providers.

In the Midwest, however, no state had more than one-third of the minimum number of ABA providers needed for the number of children with autism. 

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Human Stem Cells Fight Parkinson’s Disease in Monkeys

Scientists have successfully used “reprogrammed” stem cells to restore functioning brain cells in monkeys, raising hopes the technique could be used in future to help patients with Parkinson’s disease.
 

Since Parkinson’s is caused by a lack of dopamine made by brain cells, researchers have long hoped to use stem cells to restore normal production of the neurotransmitter chemical.

Now, for the first time,researchers have shown that human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can be administered safely and effectively to treat primates with symptoms of the debilitating disease.

So-called iPS cells are made by removing mature cells from an individual—often from the skin—and reprogramming them to behave like embryonic stem cells. They can then be coaxed into dopamine-producing brain cells.

The scientists and a world-leader in iPS technology, said their experiment indicated that this approach could potentially be used for the clinical treatment of human patients with Parkinson’s.

In addition to boosting dopamine production, the tests showed improved movement in affected monkeys and no tumors in their brains for at least two years.

The human iPS cells used in the experiment worked whether they came from healthy individuals or Parkinson’s disease patients, the  team reported in the journal.

“This is extremely promising research demonstrating that a safe and highly effective cell therapy for Parkinson’s can be produced in the lab,” said a researcher who was not involved in the research.

The next step will be to test the treatment in a first-in-human clinical trial, which researcher told that he hoped to start by the end of 2018.

Any widespread use of the new therapy is still many years away, but the research has significantly reduced previous uncertainties about iPS-derived cell grafts.

The fact that this research uses iPS cells rather human embryonic stem cells means the treatment would be acceptable in countries such as Ireland and much of Latin America, where embryonic cells are banned.

Excitement about the promise of stem cells has led to hundreds of medical centers springing up around the world claiming to be able to repair damaged tissue in conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s.

While some treatments for cancer and skin grafts have been approved by regulators, many other potential therapies are only in early-stage development, prompting a warning last month by health experts about the dangers of “stem-cell tourism”.

 THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.
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Chronic Stress Early In Life May Cause Anxiety, Aggression In Later Life

A group of researchers from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 

(CSHL) conducted some tests to analyse the effects of social stress 

during adolescence upon later life. A research team led by 

Associate Professor Grigori Enikolopov at CSHL conducted 

certain tests on mice to see the effect of stress faced in early life 

on the later life. The study got published in the online journal 

PLOS ONE. They took mice who were 1 month old as they are 

comparatively equal to human adolescents. These mice were put 

with aggressive adult male mice in separate cages. The younger 

were attacked by the adult males whenever they were brought 

together, causing social-defeat stress in the young mice, as 

scientists term it. Subsequently, these mice were put to behavioral 

tests. It was found that the young mice had increased anxiety 

levels due to fear, isolation, and lack of communication with 

others. As a result, they suffered from slow nerve-cell growth, 

called neurogenesis. In another test, some young mice were given 

similar social stress but they after some time they were removed 

from such environment. In some time, they recovered their nerve-

cell growth and started to show signs of normalcy. It proved that 

young mice possessed the resilience to recover biologically as 

well in behavioral aspects. However, it was observed that even in 

the second set of mice that showed signs of recovery, there were 

two behavioral changes. Even in adulthood, the mice who had 

social stress in early life used to get anxious too easily and were 

more aggressive in their interactions. 

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World Mental Health Day: while doc & instructor take the pool way to help autistic kids!

If you happen to meet the boy, a hyper-active six-and half-year-old, you would probably never believe if we told you that last year a school he was attending  had asked him to leave because he was autistic.

Autism, a disorder that leads to abnormal self-absorption, is characterised by lack of response to people, and actions with limited ability to communicate.

He was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at an early age. “When the authorities found out about his disorder, they asked us to move him to another school,” recalls his father. Not in the mood to give up, the father consulted  a  homoeopath. The homoeopath had suggested him to take the boy to learn swimming near their residence, but the boy did not take too kindly to it,” the doctor said.

With no school ready to admit him, the family shifted base with the hope of getting proper treatment too. It was then that Dr. suggested them to take their son to swimming instructor Amal Upadhyay. The boy was treated with what Upadhyay calls, ‘hydrotherapy’ – a bunch of swimming exercises that enhance blood circulation and oxygen flow to all parts of the body. He taught him to swim in six days, which resulted in better hand-eye coordination as well as boosted his concentration levels. The change has been apparent in six months.

With Dr Patel’s treatment and Upadhyay’s swimming lessons, he soon blossomed — from a non-social and extremely restless person to a hyperactive child!

“Almost all the symptoms of autism, barring his borderline attention deficit disorder (ADD), are gone. Being an intensive exercise, hydrotherapy, also controls the hyperactivity levels, especially for autistic kids, who have high hormone (testosterone) levels,” explained Dr Patel.

“Earlier we used to get complaints of him not responding to teachers and other students at the school. Now they complaint about his incessant chatter,” the elated father gushed.

For the doctor-coach duo,he is not the first success story. “I have taught swimming to around 50 students with disabilities based on the diagnosis and recommendation of Dr Patel. I will also be hosting hydrotherapy sessions at Mumbai and Bangalore soon,” said Upadhyay, who recently returned from a similar session in Chennai.

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

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Regular exercise key to healthy heart

According to the recent survey, the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased to 40 per cent among men, women and young adults. And it has gone up by 10-15 per cent among women below 40 years of age.

World Heart Day is being celebrated on Sunday with the World Heart Federation theme: A life-course approach to the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with a focus on women and children. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, use of tobacco, stress, unhealthy diet patterns and lack of exercise are major factors causing the disease. Right attitude towards life and setting achievable targets play a role in maintaining healthy heart.

The risk of CHD is relatively low among women till menopause due to the presence of protective hormones like estrogen and progesterone, Head of cardiology said. “Appropriate understanding of society and the life that revolves around you go a long way in leading stress-free life. There is a thin line between being ambitious and over ambitious. If we are able to balance between these two aspects and set achievable targets, our stress can be managed better,” he added.

Workout and diet

Senior consultant interventional cardiologist  said: “The secret to stay healthier, happier and younger is to work out regularly. Understanding its importance starts from home. Regular exercise followed by healthy diet help women and the community maintain a healthy heart. Parents should educate their children on the aspect and lead by example.”

Cardiologist  said obesity and smoking among children lead to CVD at an early stage. “I have treated patients suffering from heart ailments at the age of 18-20 years. Sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy food habits and tobacco consumption are some of the top reasons for premature coronary heart disease,” he said and suggested isotonic exercises for children to fight obesity.

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SURPRISING REASONS FOR WEIGHT GAIN

What's With the Weight Gain?
If you started taking in more calories than usual or cutting back on exercise, you wouldn't be surprised if the numbers on the scale crept higher. But what if you're doing everything the same as you always do and your weight still goes up? It's time to delve a little deeper into what else might be going on.

Lack of Sleep
There are two issues at work with sleep and weight gain. The first is intuitive: If you're up late, the odds are greater that you're doing some late-night snacking, which will increase your calorie intake. The other reason involves what's going on biochemically when you're sleep deprived. Changes in hormone levels increase hunger and appetite and also make you feel not as full after eating.

Stress
When life's demands get too intense, our bodies go into survival mode: Cortisol, the "stress hormone," is secreted, which causes an increase in appetite. And then of course, we may reach for high-calorie comfort foods in times of stress as well. This combination is a perfect breeding ground for weight gain.

Antidepressants
An unfortunate side effect from some antidepressants is weight gain. Talk to your doctor about making changes to your treatment plan if you think your antidepressant is causing weight gain. But never stop or change your medication on your own. Realize that some people experience weight gain after beginning drug treatment simply because they're feeling better, which leads to a better appetite. Also, depression itself can cause changes in weight.

Steroids
Anti-inflammatory steroid medications like prednisone are notorious for causing weight gain. Fluid retention and increased appetite are the main reasons. Although weight gain is common, the severity of this side effect depends on the strength of the dose and length of time on the drug. Some people may also see a temporary redistribution of fat while taking the drug -- to places like the face, back of the neck, or the abdomen.

Drugs That May Cause Weight Gain
Several other prescription drugs have been associated with weight gain. The list includes antipsychotic drugs (used to treat mood disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorders), along with medications to treat migraines, seizures, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Work with your doctor to find a medication that treats your symptoms without disrupting side effects.

Don't Jump to Blame the Pill
Contrary to popular belief, there is lack of evidence that combination birth control pills (estrogen and progestin) cause lasting weight gain. It is thought that some women taking the combination pill may experience some weight gain related to fluid retention, but this is usually short-term. If you're still concerned about possible weight gain, talk to your healthcare provider.

Hypothyroidism
If your thyroid (the butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck) is not making enough thyroid hormone, you're probably feeling tired, weak, cold, and gaining weight. Without enough thyroid hormone, the metabolism slows, making weight gain more likely. Even a thyroid functioning at the lower end of the normal range might cause weight gain. Treating hypothyroidism with medication may reverse some of the weight gain.

Don't Blame Menopause
Most women do gain some weight around the time of menopause, but hormones probably aren't the only cause. Aging slows the metabolism, so you burn fewer calories, and changes in lifestyle (such as exercising less) play a role. But where you gain weight also may be related to menopause, with fat accumulating around your waist, not your hips and thighs.

Cushing's Syndrome
Weight gain is a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome, a condition in which you are exposed to too much of the hormone cortisol, which in turn causes weight gain and other abnormalities. Cushing's syndrome can occur if you take steroids for asthma, arthritis, or lupus. It can also occur when your adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone, or be related to a tumor. The weight gain may be most prominent around the face, neck or upper back, or waist.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a common hormonal problem in women of childbearing age. Most women with PCOS grow many small cysts on their ovaries. The condition leads to hormone imbalances that affect a woman's menstrual cycle and can lead to excessive body hair and acne. Women with this condition are resistant to insulin, which may cause weight gain. The weight tends to collect around the abdomen, putting these women at greater risk for heart disease.

Quitting Smoking
On average, people who stop smoking gain less than 10 pounds. Why? Because without nicotine you may:
Feel hungrier and eat more (this feeling should go away after several weeks)
Experience a decrease in your metabolism, without reducing your calorie intake
Find food tastes better, which may lead to overeating
Eat more high-fat, high-sugar snacks and drink more alcohol

Rule 1: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Don't stop taking any medications without first consulting your doctor. Recognize the importance of the drug you're taking. It may be critical to your health.

Rule 2: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Don't compare yourself to other people taking the same drug. Not all people experience the same side effects on the same drug. Even if one drug caused someone else to lose weight, the same might not be true for you. Consult your doctor.

Rule 3: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Don't freak out if the weight gain is just from water retention, which is not permanent weight or fat. Once you've finished taking the drug or gotten the medical condition under control, the puffiness from fluid retention may subside. Stick to a lower-sodium diet in the meantime.

Rule 4: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Check with your doctor about another drug you can take. In many cases, your doctor can switch you to another medication that might not have the same side effects.

Rule 5: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Learn if the weight gain is from a decrease in metabolism -- from either a medical condition or medication. And if so, take the time to participate in metabolism-raising activities. Get moving!

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

ps- those interested in recipes are free to view my blog-

http://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/

for info about knee replacement, you can view my blog-

http://Knee replacement-stick club.blogspot.com/

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http://My Crochet Creations.blogspot.com

Lack of sleep can make teen boys fat

Teenage boys who sleep less have more body fat, but the same isn't true for adolescent girls, a new study has found.

Researchers in human nutrition  found that teenage boys who sleep less have more body fat but sleep deprivation in girls has no discernible effect on their body fat ratios.

The study looked at the sleeping habits and height/weight/fat ratios in 386 boys and 299 girls aged between 15 and 18-years drawn from 11 secondary schools.

Lead researcher  said significant results between sleep duration and body composition were found in boys, but not in girls.

An average-sized 16-year-old boy weighing 69.5 kg and measuring 176 cm in height, who slept for eight hours a day, would have a waist circumference that is 1.8 cm bigger, and would have 1.6 kg (9 per cent) more body fat, compared to the same average-sized boy who slept 10 hours a day, the study found.

"The boys who slept eight hours a day would also have 1.8 kg more lean (bone and muscle) mass compared to the boys who slept ten hours, but that's only a 1.4 per cent increase, compared to the 9 per cent increase seen in body fat," she said.

"Our results suggest that for older teenage boys, making sure that they get adequate sleep may help to maintain a healthier body. It seems to be that, within reason, the more (sleep) the better for boys.

"It was unexpected that we did not find the same result in girls, who may actually be more aware of their diet and more in tune with a healthier lifestyle," she said.

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

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5 myths about stress

First myth is that getting enough sleep, exercising and eating right can reduce stress. But the fact is that though taking care of ourselves can help us feel good, but it won’t come close to mitigating stress.

It is important not to neglect the cause of stress.

Second myth is that stress makes people more vulnerable to illness. But according to psychology professors , who studied more than 300 studies on stress and immune system functioning, the immune system is extremely flexible and can handle even fairly large amounts of stress without going out of whack.

They said that stress can produce fairly dramatic changes in the immune system without necessarily causing people to get sick.

Third myth states that most people exposed to traumatic events develop post-traumatic stress disorder. But most people who have been through traumatic events don’t develop Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although about 60 percent of U.S. adults say that they have had at least one traumatic experience, the average prevalence of PTSD is between 6.8 percent and 7.8 percent.

Fourth myth is that men and women respond to stress differently because of genetic and hormonal differences, in fact it can be said about gender differences in stress response that women and men act differently when they are under stress.

Fifth myth states that if women learn to cope better with stress, they’ll be able to resolve work-family conflict, but work and family aren’t having a conflict; it’s work and workplace policies, work and limited child-care options that are at odds.

A Dr. said that if we stop treating stress as the problem to be solved and instead work for the kinds of social and political changes that will benefit women, men and children, maybe then we can find a real solution for women’s “stress.”

Why People Gain Weight ?

Lack of Sleep
There are two issues at work with sleep and weight gain. The first is intuitive: If you're up late, the odds are greater that you're doing some late-night snacking, which will increase your calorie intake. The other reason involves what's going on biochemically when you're sleep deprived. Changes in hormone levels increase hunger and appetite and also make you feel not as full after eating.

Stress
When life's demands get too intense, our bodies go into survival mode: Cortisol, the "stress hormone," is secreted, which causes an increase in appetite. And then of course, we may reach for high-calorie comfort foods in times of stress as well. This combination is a perfect breeding ground for weight gain.

Antidepressants
An unfortunate side effect from some antidepressants is weight gain. Talk to your doctor about making changes to your treatment plan if you think your antidepressant is causing weight gain. But never stop or change your medication on your own. Realize that some people experience weight gain after beginning drug treatment simply because they're feeling better, which leads to a better appetite. Also, depression itself can cause changes in weight.

Steroids
Anti-inflammatory steroid medications like prednisone are notorious for causing weight gain. Fluid retention and increased appetite are the main reasons. Although weight gain is common, the severity of this side effect depends on the strength of the dose and length of time on the drug. Some people may also see a temporary redistribution of fat while taking the drug -- to places like the face, back of the neck, or the abdomen.

Drugs That May Cause Weight Gain
Several other prescription drugs have been associated with weight gain. The list includes antipsychotic drugs (used to treat mood disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorders), along with medications to treat migraines, seizures, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Work with your doctor to find a medication that treats your symptoms without disrupting side effects.

Don't Jump to Blame the Pill
Contrary to popular belief, there is lack of evidence that combination birth control pills (estrogen and progestin) cause lasting weight gain. It is thought that some women taking the combination pill may experience some weight gain related to fluid retention, but this is usually short-term. If you're still concerned about possible weight gain, talk to your health care provider.

Hypothyroidism
If your thyroid (the butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck) is not making enough thyroid hormone, you're probably feeling tired, weak, cold, and gaining weight. Without enough thyroid hormone, the metabolism slows, making weight gain more likely. Even a thyroid functioning at the lower end of the normal range might cause weight gain. Treating hypothyroidism with medication may reverse some of the weight gain.

Don't Blame Menopause
Most women do gain some weight around the time of menopause, but hormones probably aren't the only cause. Ageing slows the metabolism, so you burn fewer calories, and changes in lifestyle (such as exercising less) play a role. But where you gain weight also may be related to menopause, with fat accumulating around your waist, not your hips and thighs.

Cushing's Syndrome
Weight gain is a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome, a condition in which you are exposed to too much of the hormone cortisol, which in turn causes weight gain and other abnormalities. Cushing's syndrome can occur if you take steroids for asthma, arthritis, or lupus. It can also occur when your adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone, or be related to a tumor. The weight gain may be most prominent around the face, neck or upper back, or waist.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a common hormonal problem in women of childbearing age. Most women with PCOS grow many small cysts on their ovaries. The condition leads to hormone imbalances that affect a woman's menstrual cycle and can lead to excessive body hair and acne. Women with this condition are resistant to insulin, which may cause weight gain. The weight tends to collect around the abdomen, putting these women at greater risk for heart disease.

Quitting Smoking
On average, people who stop smoking gain less than 10 pounds. Why? Because without nicotine you may:
Feel hungrier and eat more (this feeling should go away after several weeks)
Experience a decrease in your metabolism, without reducing your calorie intake
Find food tastes better, which may lead to overeating
Eat more high-fat, high-sugar snacks and drink more alcohol

Rule 1: If You Do Gain Weight ...
Don't stop taking any medications without first consulting your doctor. Recognize the importance of the drug you're taking. It may be critical to your health.

Rule 2: 
Don't compare yourself to other people taking the same drug. Not all people experience the same side effects on the same drug. Even if one drug caused someone else to lose weight, the same might not be true for you. Consult your doctor.

Rule 3: 
Don't freak out if the weight gain is just from water retention, which is not permanent weight or fat. Once you've finished taking the drug or gotten the medical condition under control, the puffiness from fluid retention may subside. Stick to a lower-sodium diet in the meantime.

Rule 4:
Check with your doctor about another drug you can take. In many cases, your doctor can switch you to another medication that might not have the same side effects.

Rule 5: 
Learn if the weight gain is from a decrease in metabolism -- from either a medical condition or medication. And if so, take the time to participate in metabolism-raising activities. Get moving!