Early exposure to chmeicals in toothpaste, make-up advances girls’ puberty

Girls exposed to chemicals commonly found in toothpaste, makeup, soap and other personal care products before birth may hit puberty at an early age, finds a new study.

The study found that in-vitro exposure to chemicals in personal care products such as phthalates — found in scented products like perfumes, soaps and shampoos — parabens — used as preservatives in cosmetics — and phenols — which include triclosan — advances pubertal age in girls.

Early puberty in girls have been linked with increased risk of mental illness, breast and ovarian cancer; and testicular cancer in boys.

However, the association was not observed in boys.

“We know that some of the things we put on our bodies are getting into our bodies, either because they pass through the skin or we breathe them in or we inadvertently ingest them,” said a Prof.

“We wanted to know what effect exposure to these chemicals has during certain critical windows of development, which include before birth and during puberty,” the Prof. added.

For the study,  the team included 338 children — 159 boys and 179 girls.

The findings showed that more than 90 per cent of urine samples of both mothers and children showed detectable concentrations of phthalates, parabens and phenols.

However, there was an exception of triclosan which was present in approximately 70 per cent of the samples.

Every time the concentrations of diethyl phthalate and triclosan in the mother’s urine doubled, pubertal development in girls advanced approximately by one month.

In addition, girls who had higher concentrations of parabens in their urine at age nine also experienced puberty at younger ages.

However, it is unclear if the chemicals were causing the shift, or if girls who reached puberty earlier were more likely to start using personal care products at younger ages, the researchers noted, adding the need for more studies.
  
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Take care of your spinal health to avoid life-long malaise

Over the years spinal health has emerged as one of the major concerns among millennials. 

Our busy and mostly sedentary lifestyles attached with a digital-heavy exist have resulted in a large number of young professionals being afflicted with back pain. 

Injuries, poor postures, obesity, heavy schoolbags and puberty are some of the reasons for poor spinal health. Therefore, back pain is a matter of concern and should not be neglected. 

Apart from diminishing your quality of life, back pain also affects your work and social engagements and in extreme cases, even prevents in accomplishing simple, everyday tasks.

Like all other structures of the body, the disc in the spine ages and degenerates with time and inactivity. 

Early treatment can solve the pain and the root cause of the problem within a short span of time providing complete recovery. Early diagnosis and proper treatment is recommended to avoid the risk of surgeries and to live a better life without back pain and spine problems.

An Orthopedic Surgeon said, "Continuous cell phone, laptop and desktop use can prove detrimental for your neck and spine health. Perpetual use of these devices influences our stance in unhealthy ways that contribute to neck upper back, and shoulder pain. Bad posture while sitting, standing, walking, or in a static position can lead to stiffness. Bad posture can also affect other parts of the spine, such as the middle and low back. Use any device at the eye level as much as possible. They should also be positioned so the screen is at eye level and you don’t have to look down or bend your head forward. Ensure that your screen is set up so that you have to look forward. Adopting principles of good ergonomics early in life can help you go a long way in preventing neck and back problems."

Over the years spinal health has emerged as one of the major concerns among millennial. Experts have been witnessing that a large number younger population has been facing spinal problems and initially they neglect their problem. They come for treatment when problems get complicated. 

An Orthopaedic surgeon said, “Obviously, age-related degeneration cannot be reversed, but few daily exercises can help rejuvenate and enhance disc nourishment. 

"Exercise frequently there are few easy and doable exercises that should become a part of your daily routine. Practice yoga like the snake, the downward dog and the child poses to alleviate pain and strengthen your back.” 

“If you are a smoker, quit smoking. Smoking speeds up the development of osteoporosis and brittle bones with loss of fluid in the discs and resulting in its degeneration. 

""Hydration enables in maintaining soft tissue elasticity and fluidity in joints. Apply Heat – Warm water baths, using a heated compressor lying briefly under a heat lamp relaxes your back muscles and stimulates blood flow.”  the Dr. added.

According to experts, dietary habits can also improve your spine health and prevent spine ageing, eat wholesome and better to incorporate these food groups in your daily meal like kale and broccoli, green leafy veggies and cucumber have proven to be excellent vegetable sources of Calcium and Vitamin K. 

Eat as much variety of nuts and seeds as possible. Eggs and fatty fish like anchovies and salmon are a great source of Vitamin D. Pay heed to any Warning signs – Although back pain these days are more common than you think but recurrent pains should never be ignored. Left untreated, problems with the spine can worsen and result in a life-long malaise.

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Fluctuation in female hormones may cause asthma

Researchers have found that fluctuations in female sex hormones can play a major role in the development of asthma and allergies.

The analysis of studies involving more than 5,00,000 women highlights a link between asthma symptoms and key life changes such as puberty and menopause.

“Asthma and allergy symptoms are often affected by life events such as puberty and menopause, but the reasons behind this are unclear,” lead author of the study said.

For the study, researchers reviewed more than 50 studies of women with asthma from puberty to 75 years of age.

They found that starting periods before turning 11 years old, as well as irregular periods, was associated with a higher rate of asthma.

The onset of menopause — when periods stop and oestrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate — was also associated with a higher chance of having asthma compared with pre-menopause.

Many women report that their asthma symptoms change with their menstrual cycle, which may be down to variations in levels of hormones, including oestrogen and progesterone, but the link is unclear, the researcher said.

“Our ultimate goal is to undertake a clinical trial to test the effectiveness of hormonal treatments to reduce symptoms of asthma in women,” said co-author of the study.

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Why you feel attracted to the opposite sex:

Researchers have found that it is the work of a brain hormone called kisspeptin, that drives both attraction to the opposite sex and sexual behaviours, an advance that can lead to treatment for patients with psychosexual disorders.

Kisspeptin has already been identified as the key molecule within the brain responsible for triggering puberty and controlling fertility.

The findings show that puberty, fertility, attraction and sex are all controlled by a single molecule – kisspeptin – but through different brain circuits running in parallel with one another.

The study, conducted on mice, revealed that a subset of neurons in the hypothalamus — a brain region — drives both attraction to the opposite sex and sexual behaviour.

Pheromones — a chemical substance produced and released by an animal — secreted by the male mouse activate these neurons which, in turn, transmit this signal to another population of neurons (gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons) to drive attraction to the opposite sex.

Simultaneously, they also transmit this signal to cells that produce the neurotransmitter nitric oxide to trigger sexual behaviour, the researchers said.

“This work has provided new insight into how the brain decodes signals from the outside world and then translates these environmental cues into behaviour,” said a Professor.

This work opens up new and exciting possibilities for the treatment of patients with psychosexual disorders such as hyposexual desire disorder, Boehm added, in a paper published in a journal.

“There are currently no good treatments available for women suffering from low sexual desire. The discovery that kisspeptin controls both attraction and sexual desire opens up exciting new possibilities for the development of treatments for low sexual desire,” explained a Professor. 

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Constant Exhaustion Turned Out to Be a Symptom of a Serious Illness

 The Symptoms

Right around the time a girl hit puberty at age 12, she started feeling fatigued all the time. "My whole family thought, 'You're just starting your period, you're moody,'" she remembers , now 22.

But then one day she stood up from a nap at her home in Ohio and fainted. She was taken to the hospital in an ambulance, where doctors ran blood tests. "I could barely wake up to see anyone at that point," she says. "I was physically unable to do anything. It was scary. I was so out of it."

One strange thing kept happening during her stay that confused both her and the medical staff: her heart rate and blood pressure would randomly rocket up or plummet so low that nurses would rush into her room thinking she was crashing — but she was just sleeping. The hospital soon discharged her without a diagnosis when all tests came back normal.

Back home, her daily quality of life quickly crumbled. 

"I was stuck on a mattress on my living room floor for three months," she recalls. "Besides going to doctors, I never left the house." Her mom kept insisting to doctors that something wasn't right, but each one said the same thing: She's just going through puberty. She just got her period. She's just afraid to start middle school. "Doctors were telling me this was all in my head, and they wanted me to see a psychiatrist, but my mom never believed it," she says. 

She ended up skipping sixth grade altogether while she suffered at home, needing her mother to bathe her and  "do everything" since she could barely sit up. She lived like that for a full year.

The Diagnosis

When she was 13, she visited a cardiologist for yet another test: the tilt table test. She was strapped to a movable table so the doctor could observe her heart rate and blood pressure while the table tilted her from lying down to standing. Usually, the heart rate and blood pressure go up a little bit, just like when you get up from a chair. But for her, after just four minutes, her vitals dropped, and she fainted.

The cardiologist diagnosed her with dysautonomia — a condition where the "automatic" functions of the body that don't require our conscious control, like temperature regulation, digestion, blood pressure, and heart rate, fail. There is no cure for Davis' type of dyautonomia, a fairly common condition called POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome), which is estimated to affect 1 out of 100 teenagers and up to 3 million adult Americans. Approximately 80% of sufferers are young women of childbearing age.

"I was obviously happy to hear a doctor to tell me I'm not crazy," she says, "but with no medication and no cure, it was crushing at same time. You want something you can fix, not something you have to live with for life."

The causes of dysautonomia are varied and not well understood. A published POTS researcher, says that current research is focused on finding a connection between autoimmune diseases and POTS. About half of patients acutely — suddenly — come down with the condition, after triggering events that could include a viral infection, getting your period, pregnancy, or injury. But finding a diagnosis is often tough. 

According to one study of 700 patients, the average delay until diagnosis was nearly six years, and 83% of them were told it was all in their heads.

"A lot of medical conditions that primarily affect young women have a long history of being regarded as anxiety or PMS," she says . "There's probably an inherent bias in medicine that if someone looks fine on the outside, there can't really be something that wrong with them."

Also, because POTS was only first clinically defined in 1993 , many doctors aren't aware of or trained in how to make the diagnosis, She says, though her organization is working to change that via physician education courses around the country.

For Davis, learning her diagnosis was just the beginning of a long road of coping with a chronic illness.

The Aftermath

For the first several years after her diagnosis, she pushed through it as best she could and attended high school, though she was so physically exhausted that she slept through many classes. Her teachers knew, but she was afraid to tell her peers for fear of their judgment or disbelief that something was really wrong with her. "It's so hurtful to tell someone what you're going through and have them not believe you because you look fine," she says.

In her senior year, she met a guy whom she eventually fell in love with and confided in; they are now happily married and are building their first home together.

But she still can't stand up longer than three minutes, so she uses a wheelchair to get around. Since she can't work, she keeps busy with projects around the house — cooking, cleaning, decorating, reading. One day, she hopes to have a child through adoption or surrogacy and fulfill her dream of becoming a mom.

Her treatment now mostly consists of making sure she has enough salt in her system, drinking tons of fluid, and wearing compression socks, and she credits her husband and her family for helping her find the strength to tell her story.

"I have such a good support system," she says. "That's why I'm happy today."

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Difficult eaters may have underlying psychological issues

Parents, take note! Bullying can initiate or reinforce body image preoccupations and possibly lead to a change in eating behaviour in kids, a new study has warned.

Childhood eating difficulties could be a sign of underlying psychological issues, researchers have found.

Researchers at the University of Montreal and its affiliated CHU Sainte-Justine children's hospital said that difficult eaters could have underlying psychological issues, after they have found that restrictive behaviours can appear before puberty.

"Many researchers believe that bulimia only appears at adolescence, but our studies indicate that the problem can arises much earlier. It is possible that it is currently under-diagnosed due to a lack of awareness and investigation," said clinical psychologist and Professor Dominique Meilleur, who led the study.

Meilleur and colleagues studyed the psychological, socio-demographic and physiological characteristics of 215 eight to twelve year olds with eating problems.

Kids with physical issues that could cause eating problems, such as diabetes or cystic fibrosis, were excluded from the study.

The researchers found that the children often suffered from other problems: in particular, anxiety and mood disorders and attention deficiency.

"More than 15.5 per cent of the children in the study made themselves vomit occasionally and 13.3 per cent presented bulimic behaviours," Meilleur said.

"These results are very concerning but they may help clinicians reach a diagnosis earlier by enabling them to investigate these aspects," Meilleur said.

Across the study, 52 per cent of the children had been hospitalised at least once due to their eating problem and 48 per cent had been treated as outpatients emergency responders.

"The fact that most children had been hospitalised upon contact with medical services suggests that the children's physical health was precarious. It is also worth noting that psychiatric issues were present in the families of 36.3 per cent of the study participants," Meilleur explained.

The results of this study indicate that 22.7 per cent of the children identify having been mocked or insulted for his or her appearance as a trigger event to the modification of their behaviours.

"For some children, bullying can initiate or reinforce body image preoccupations and possibly lead to a change in eating behaviour," Meilleur said.

Around 95 per cent of the children in the study had restrictive eating behaviours, 69.4 per cent were afraid of putting on weight, and 46.6 per cent described themselves as "fat."

"These behaviours reflect the clinical presentations we observe in adolescents and support findings that body image is a preoccupation for some children as early as elementary school," Meilleur explained.

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