Antibody-based eye drop may treat dry eye disease

Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago are the first to identify the presence of a specific type of antibody, called anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies, or ACPAs, in human tear fluid. They are also the first to demonstrate that patients with dry eye disease experienced reduced signs and symptoms of the condition in response to a new eye drop treatment —- made from pooled human antibodies—that targets ACPAs. 

The findings from their early stage clinical trial are reported in the journal.

Dry eye disease is caused by abnormalities in the tear fluid and results in dry areas over the cornea, the transparent outer layer of the eye, which can lead to disabling eye pain and sensitivity to light in severe cases.

"The burden of autoimmune dry eye is much greater than just having an occasional feeling of dryness," said the senior author of the study. "It can severely compromise quality of life to the point of disability and can compromise a person's vision."

In previous research, researchers discovered that strands of DNA extrude from neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, to form webs on the surface of eyes affected by severe dry eye disease and cause inflammation.

In the new study, the researchers identified ACPAs as another cause of eye inflammation that also contributes to the development of these webs, which Jain calls "a vicious cycle of inflammation."
The new eye drops treat dry eye disease by knocking the immune system out of this cycle, at least partially.

The drops are formulated using pooled antibodies—which are made from immune globulins processed from the donated blood of thousands of individuals, all containing varied types of antibodies—that counteract the negative effects of ACPAs.

The phase I/II drug trial compared the antibody-based eye drops with eye drops without the antibodies.

"There are currently only two approved drugs to treat dry eye, and they don't work for everyone, especially those with severe disease, so having a new drug that can treat the disease by targeting a different mechanism, in this case, an autoimmunity, is very important," the Dr. said.

Twenty-seven participants with severe dry eye disease participated in the trial. The participants were randomized into two groups. One group was given eye drops made from pooled antibodies and instructed to administer one drop to each eye twice daily for eight weeks. The control group was given the same instructions with eye drops made without antibodies.

The researchers evaluated patients' symptoms through questionnaires and measured the extent of corneal damage and the amount of pro-inflammatory biomarkers on the surface of the eye before and for the duration of the study.

They found that people using antibody-based eye drops had a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction in corneal damage at eight weeks compared with the control group. 

Questionnaire scores related to symptoms also reflected significant improvement among patients using the new antibody-based eye drops when compared with the eye drops without antibodies. In the test group, the amount of pro-inflammatory biomarkers—or dry areas—also was reduced on the surface of the eye.

"Participants in the trial who used the drops with pooled antibodies reported less eye discomfort and their corneas were healthier," Jain said. "The data from this early clinical trial suggests that eye drops containing pooled antibodies may be safe and effective for treating dry eye disease, and we look forward to conducting larger randomized trials to definitively prove its efficacy."

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5 Keys to Eating Healthier and Feeling Better

Tips on quick and easy changes you can make to your eating habits right away that will set you on the path to feeling way, way better:

1. Eat 4 to 8 cups of fresh, leafy greens every single day.
This is the first secret to better health and a sexy glow! Greens encourage the growth, diversity and stability of healthy bacteria in the gut, which is the key to overall wellness. They’re also incredibly high in water content, which helps to ultra hydrate your cells and for longer periods of time. One of our mentors and microbiome specialists, says it best: “Greens are the least-consumed food in the standard American diet, and the most essential for inner and outer health. They come the closest of any food to meeting our ideal nutritional requirements. It probably wouldn’t surprise you to know that romaine lettuce has more fiber than sirloin, but you may not know that calorie for calorie, it has double the protein, ten times the amount of iron, and a hundred times more calcium. If you asked me to recommend the one thing that would have the biggest impact on the health of your gut and skin, it would be to eat as many leafy green vegetables as you can. If you do nothing else, commit to eating leafy greens every day for the next ten days and I promise you, amazing things will start to happen inside and out.”

2. Take a daily probiotic and take your gut health seriously.

Research shows that your microbiome—the trillions of healthy bacteria in and your body, weighing up to 6 pounds!—controls everything from your immunity to your skin to your weight to your digestion to your moods. A probiotic is a great way to add healthy bacterial strains to your gut microbiome. Pair it with a plant-rich diet that encourages the right bacteria to grow, and you will find you have more energy, a clearer complexion, less inflammation and fewer autoimmune symptoms.

3. Eat as many colors as possible.

Fruits, veggies and other plant foods get their colors from the phytochemicals and antioxidants they contain. By eating a diverse diet rich in colorful plant foods, you can be sure you’re getting the full range of nutrients your body needs.

4. Eat your water.

Hydration doesn’t just mean drinking water; it means eating water-rich foods like romaine lettuce, melon, tomatoes, cucumbers and zucchini. The water in these plant foods is bound up in their fibrous structure, providing deep, sustained hydration for your cells and plumping them up for smooth, bright, ageless skin. Focusing on water-rich foods completely changed our skin!

5. Know that your thoughts become things.

The first step in the manifestation process is giving your dreams form by thinking them, writing them down, and speaking them, so be conscious of what you are thinking as you start your day, sit down for your breakfast, and look in the mirror! All of the purest plants in the world will not create a body you love if you are stuck in a cycle of negativity, hate, and criticism. What do you want to create? A loving relationship? A successful career? A sexy body? Start to turn those dreams into things by saying to yourself that they already are: I am in a loving, passionate, secure and mutually supportive relationship that enriches my life every day. I have a career that is fulfilling, stimulating and rewarding, and I am proud of my achievements and successes at work. My body is beautiful, strong and sexy! I love and appreciate my body for all the ways it supports me every day.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                                                                
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New drug may reduce skin cancer spread by 90 per cent

Scientists have developed a new compound that reduces the spread of melanoma cells by up to 90 per cent, an advance that may pave the way for a potential new drug to fight the deadly skin cancer.
The man-made, small-molecule drug compound goes after a genes ability to produce RNA molecules and certain proteins in melanoma tumors. 

This gene activity, or transcription process, causes the disease to spread but the compound can shut it down. Up until now, few other compounds of this kind have been able to accomplish this. 

"Its been a challenge developing small-molecule drugs that can block this gene activity that works as a signaling mechanism known to be important in melanoma progression," said Richard Neubig, professor at Michigan State University (MSU) in the US.
"Our chemical compound is actually the same one that weve been working on to potentially treat the disease scleroderma, which now we've found works effectively on this type of cancer," said Neubig.
Scleroderma is a rare and often fatal autoimmune disease that causes the hardening of skin tissue, as well as organs such as the lungs, heart and kidneys. 

The same mechanisms that produce fibrosis, or skin thickening, in scleroderma also contribute to the spread of cancer.
The findings are an early discovery that could be highly effective in battling the deadly skin cancer. It is estimated about 10,000 people die each year from the disease. 

"Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer with around 76,000 new cases a year in the US," said Kate Appleton, a postdoctoral student at MSU. 

"One reason the disease is so fatal is that it can spread throughout the body very quickly and attack distant organs such as the brain and lungs," said Appleton. 

Researchers found that the compounds were able to stop proteins, known as Myocardin-related transcription factors, or MRTFs, from initiating the gene transcription process in melanoma cells.
These triggering proteins are initially turned on by another protein called RhoC (Ras homology C) which is found in a signaling pathway that can cause the disease to aggressively spread in the body. 

The compound reduced the migration of melanoma cells by 85 to 90 per cent. The team also discovered that the potential drug greatly reduced tumors specifically in the lungs of mice that had been injected with human melanoma cells. 

"We used intact melanoma cells to screen for our chemical inhibitors. This allowed us to find compounds that could block anywhere along this RhoC pathway," Neubig said. 

Being able to block along this entire path allowed the researchers to find the MRTF signaling protein as a new target. 

Appleton said figuring out which patients have this pathway turned on is an important next step in the development of their compound because it would help them determine which patients would benefit the most.

 

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.

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AUTOIMMUNE PROGESTRONE DERMATITIS

A very small group of women who have autoimmune progesterone dermatitis are actually allergic to their own hormone. They get hives, mouth sores, or a body rash when their progesterone peaks once a month. Mild cases can be treated with antihistamines and skin creams. For more severe cases, hormone therapy or removing your ovaries can fix the problem.

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.

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https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes

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