New Hope Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

A new synthetic molecule could be the torch that shines a new light of hope in humanity’s battle against drug-resistant bacteria. The CDC estimates that at least 30% of antibiotic prescriptions are unnecessary. This misuse of antibiotics has caused a surge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Essentially these are the same bacteria we’ve known all our lives, but they’ve developed and mutated to become immune to classic antibiotics. Some of them are even resistant to penicillin.  

 

How bacteria become resistant

Taking an antibiotic when you don’t really have an infection may cause more harm than good. Antibiotics have a negative effect on the abilities of white blood cells and gut bacteria responsible for healthy digestion and inhibiting the growth of bad bacteria in the body.

Most antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be classified as gram-negative bacteria. It is a class of bacteria that have thicker cell walls and a built-in mechanism called an efflux pump that gives them the ability to export toxins out of the cells. The harder, thicker cell walls make these bacteria more resistant and challenging to penetrate, while the efflux pump makes them exceptionally challenging to tackle, as they become more toxic under attack. This pump may prevent antibiotics from getting inside the cell. 

 

Some varieties of gram-negative bacteria you may know are cholera, E. coli, and Salmonella typhi, which causes typhoid fever. Today these are treated with antibiotics, sometimes more than one. Older antibiotics may be more effective at times. 

 

Fabimycin - a new hope

A new player just hit the field. It is a molecule called fabimycin. This molecule inhibits the bacterial enzyme called FabI, which is vital for the bacteria‘s fatty acid biosynthesis. In other words, this new molecule has the potential to starve drug-resistant bacteria. Trials showed that, in addition to that, fabimycin is also relatively harmless to some types of healthy bacteria found in the gut. 

 

Fabimycin was developed in a lab. The synthetic drug was created by altering and improving existing antibiotics effective against less aggressive infections. Then, they started testing it on drug-resistant bacteria. 

 

The researchers found fabimycin to be effective on more than 300 types of drug-resistant bacteria. It cured mice with pneumonia and urinary tract infections. The medication is yet to undergo human testing and looks promising.

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FDA approves new drug for resistant TB

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Pretomanid Tablets in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid for the treatment of a specific type of highly treatment-resistant tuberculosis (TB) of the lungs.

Pretomanid in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid is approved for treating a limited and specific population of adult patients with extensively drug resistant, treatment-intolerant or nonresponsive multidrug resistant pulmonary TB.

The FDA granted the approval of Pretomanid Tablets to The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (TB Alliance). With this approval, The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development is awarded a Tropical Disease Priority Review Voucher in accordance with a provision included in the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 that aims to encourage development of new drugs and biological products for the prevention and treatment of certain tropical diseases.

Pretomanid is the second drug to be approved under the Limited Population Pathway for Antibacterial and Antifungal Drugs, or LPAD pathway, established by Congress under the 21st Century Cures Act to advance development and approval of antibacterial and antifungal drugs to treat serious or life-threatening infections in a limited population of patients with unmet need. 

Pretomanid also received the FDA’s Qualified Infectious Disease Product (QIDP) designation. The QIDP designation is given to antibacterial and antifungal drug products intended to treat serious or life-threatening infections under the Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now (GAIN) title of the FDA Safety and Innovation Act.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                       https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                     FOR CROCHET DESIGNS                                                                                                   

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Novel treatment may offer promise to TB patients

Researchers have developed a new treatment that could be used to treat hundreds of thousands of patients with tuberculosis (TB).

The study showed that the treatment, which patients will take using an inhaler, works by reducing the bacteria in the lungs causing tuberculosis while also helping the patient’s immune system to fight the disease.

“Many cases of TB are now becoming resistant to existing antibiotics. This new treatment could be used alongside antibiotics to treat drug-resistant TB and also possibly reduce the rate of antibiotic resistance resulting from conventional antibiotic treatments,” said a Prof.

TB is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Ten million people fell ill with TB and 1.6 million died from the disease in 2017, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

For the study, the team used a spray-drying process and packaged all trans-Retinoic acid (ATRA) solution — a derivative of Vitamin A — within safe-for-consumption particles that are small enough to use in an inhaler.

The findings, demonstrated that these particles efficiently delivered the treatment and significantly reduced TB-causing bacteria and associated lung damage.

“Unfortunately, TB remains a significant problem for world health. We urgently need innovative treatments like this one if we are to achieve the UN 2030 health targets,” said the Prof.

There is only one vaccine for TB, developed in 1921, which is unreliable in preventing the most common form of TB, and is not suitable in all patient groups.

The vaccine works best against specific forms of TB and is usually given to infants in at-risk populations.

There were 558,000 new cases with resistance to the most effective first-line antibiotic, among which 82 per cent were resistant to multiple antibiotics, estimated the WHO.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                                                                
 PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                                             FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                               
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