Alcohol ups risk of oral cavity cancers by 200%

A recent paper from the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, published in a reputed Indian medical journal, has concluded that alcohol consumption dramatically increases the risk of cancer.

The report points at alcohol consumption being one of the leading risk factors for multiple health issues, especially non-communicable diseases and infectious diseases (HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis). Alcohol consumption is estimated to be the third-most important modifiable risk factor for death and disability worldwide. With 1.4 lakh deaths annually, alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis makes up the biggest burden posed by alcohol use. Almost one lakh deaths that occur on Indian roads each year are indirectly related to alcohol abuse.

According to Dr Pankaj Chaturvedi, Deputy Director at Center for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, until now, there was conflicting evidence of alcohol being a direct causative agent for cancers in Indian medical literature. For conclusive answers, they performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 29 eligible studies, involving 2,86,986 subjects. “The findings suggest that alcohol users are 2.15 times more at risk of cancer compared to non-users. This can be attributed to its solvent property, which assists the carcinogen in permeating the cells lining the upper aero-digestive tract. The pooled analysis of all prospective studies demonstrated a 152 per cent higher risk of cancer among alcohol users, while the retrospective studies found an increased risk of 232 per cent,” he said.

Dr Hitesh Singhavi, Research Fellow and the first author of the paper, said once the alcohol is metabolised in the body, the byproduct acetaldehyde is responsible for the carcinogenic effect, which also reduces immunity, leading to the initiatiation of carcinogenesis at various sites. Malabsorption, especially of folate, in the presence of alcohol leads to initiating colon cancer. It may also manipulate hormonal levels in women to influence breast cancer.

“The pattern of alcohol consumption is diverse in India, making it a unique subset to analyse. It has also been found that Indians drink a higher concentration of alcohol by weight, especially on an empty stomach, thus making them more vulnerable to alcohol-related toxicities,” he said.

Dr Rajesh Dixit, Director at Center for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, said they have analysed the relationship, specifically between alcohol users and oral cavity cancer, which is the one of the most common life-threatening malignancies in India. “We found that alcohol raises the risk of oral cancer by 200%. This result concluded that alcohol independently increases the risk of oral cavity cancers,” said Dr Dixit.

To conclude, there are no safe levels of alcohol consumption and its consumption increases the overall risk of cancer among Indians, particularly doubling the incidence of oral cavity cancer.

 

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Cortical arousals can assist in healthy sleep

A new research on rats has shown that cortical arousals and brief awakenings during sleep exhibit non-equilibrium dynamics and complex organisation across time scales, which are necessary for spontaneous sleep-stage transitions and for maintaining healthy sleep.

The study by Prof Plamen Ch Ivanov of Boston University and his colleagues has been published in the journal of Computational Biology.

Sleep is traditionally considered to be a homeostatic process that resists deviation from equilibrium. In that regard, brief episodes of waking are viewed as perturbations that lead to sleep fragmentation and related sleep disorders.

While addressing aspects of sleep regulation related to consolidated sleep and wake and the sleep-wake cycle, the homeostatic paradigm does not account for the dozens of abrupt sleep-stage transitions and micro-states within sleep stages throughout the night.

Ivanov and colleagues hypothesised that while sleep is indeed homeostatic at time scales of hours and days, non-equilibrium dynamics and criticality underlie sleep micro-architecture at shorter time scales.

To test this hypothesis, the researchers collected electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings of brain activity over multiple days in normal rats and in rats with injuries to the parafacial zone, a brain region that helps regulate sleep.

"Paradoxically, we find that the 'resting' state of healthy sleep is maintained through bursts in cortical rhythm activity that obey similar temporal organisation, statistics, and mathematical laws as earthquakes," Ivanov says.

"Our findings serve as building blocks to better understand sleep, and could help improve the detection and treatment of sleep disorders."

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Pineapple Water Can Relieve Joint Pain, Inflammation And Will Help You Lose Weight

Science says the human body is made out of water, as much as 60%.

Hence, drinking plenty of it is essential for normal body functioning. If drinking water is not your thing, try adding some fruit or vegetables to make it more refreshing and palatable.

Pineapple is a delicious fruit rich in Bromelain which is an enzyme responsible for its anti-inflammatory characteristics. As such the pineapple assists in the acceleration of the healing process and pain relief.

When combined with fennel, which gives even better flavour helps with soothing the digestive system.

A study conducted in 2010 confirms that the regular consumption of pineapple and its juice reduces the inflammation in the colon.

Furthermore, a 2015 study suggests that a cup of pineapple juice every day reduces asthma symptoms and promotes weight loss.
Delicious pineapple water:
What you need:
-Half a cup of pineapple pieces
-Eight cups hot water
-One tablespoon fennel seeds

How to prepare
Firstly start by washing the pineapple and cutting it into pieces and then add the chunks into hot water. Leave it like so until cooled, and then add the fennel seeds. Put the mixture in dark room overnight. The next day, strain the liquid and chew the seeds for optimal results.

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Vitamin B12 or scientifically called as Cobalamin- Functions In our bodies

Vitamin B12 plays a major role by controlling several factors of the human body. These are necessary for the body to run well and stay healthy.
Some of the key functions of Vitamin B12 are listed below:

1. It is responsible for the conversion of raw carbohydrate matter that enters into the body in the form of food into glucose that is the driving energy for the body. Therefore, in a way it helps to keep the continuity of energy production in the human body and its deficiency, therefore, can lead to fatigue or weakness.
2. Every single nature of human cells is related to the DNA and RNA that define the genetics and hereditary factors of a human body. Vitamin B12 assists in the creation of this DNA and RNA.
3. Vitamin B12 also helps in the production of nerve cells in the human body by maintaining the covering of the nerve cells or neurons known as the myelin sheaths. This helps to free the body from the reach of toxins and free radicals that can be very harmful to the human body. Hence, any shortage of Vitamin B12 can damage the nerve cells in a considerable manner.
4. The bones of the human body need Vitamin B12 as well and any deficiency of Vitamin B12 can cause osteoporosis and other bone issues.
5. Vitamin B12 in association with another vitamin known as Vitamin B9 (folate or folic acid) helps in the manufacture of red blood cells that help in impressive iron functioning, which is the main oxygen carrier of the human blood. Quite evidently, its deficiency can lead to shortness of breath and other breathing disorders.
6. Even heart requires an adequate amount of Vitamin B12 along with Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B9 so that appropriate levels of amino acid named homocysteine are produced that is a deciding factor in heart diseases.
7. Vitamin B12 is an essential component affecting the brain health too, and any deficiency of Vitamin B12 can often lead to various brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and the like.

In fact, Vitamin B12 has also been found to regulate mood and emotions of humans. Above all, Vitamin B12 is vital for keeping an individual happy and healthy by revitalising the body cells and making him or her feel youthful and vibrant all the time.

 this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.
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