Are you a cardiac patient who experiences exercise-induced chest pain? You may not need a stent implant

Stents have been the saviour for many cardiac patients experiencing chest pain. But a landmark study presented at the American Heart Association’s annual meeting in Philadelphia, suggests that inserting stents might be unnecessary in some of these cases. It points out that medication along with lifestyle changes may be enough for managing exercise-induced chest pain patients suffering from heart diseases.

What is exercise-induced chest pain?

Exercise increases our body’s oxygen requirement. Meeting this requirement during a workout session gets hard for heart patients at times, which causes chest pain. There are different types of heart diseases. Focus group of this study included patients with ischemic heart disease. In this condition the patients have plaque buildup in their coronary arteries which transport blood to the heart. Accumulation of plaque narrows the arteries down making it difficult for the arteries to pump blood, especially during an exercise. This causes chest pain and the condition is called angina. However, it subsides when the patients rest. In the medical fraternity, this is known as stable angina. Though this condition isn’t considered as a medical emergency, it requires a cardiologist’s attention for sure.

What does the new research say?

So far, doctors have been recommending stent procedure in case of exercise-induced chest pain caused by shortage of blood supply to the heart. This is because lack of blood supply to the cardiac muscles may lead to death. However, findings of the new study suggest that doctors need to rethink their approach as medications such as aspirin and drugs can treat these exercise-induced chest pains simply by managing high cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that promotes plaque build-up. The study looked at 5,179 patients in 37 countries. The results showed that blood pressure drugs such as ACE inhibitors and beta blockers taken for high cholesterol can work just as effectively. For this condition, the study also recommended lifestyle modifications like weight loss initiatives, cutting down saturated fat and quitting smoking.

Stent procedure and its complications

Inserting stent in the heart arteries or any other part of the body is a surgical procedure. It comes with all the complications of any surgical intervention. A slight slack or mistake by the doctor can prove to be dangerous. Moreover, the stent metal can also lead to an allergic reaction. Other complications associated with inserting a stent are internal bleeding, infection, breathing problems due to anesthesia, blood clots and re-narrowing of the artery.

Lifestyle modifications for exercise-induced chest pain

The cornerstone of managing exercise-induced chest pain is medication. However, as the new research already mentioned, lifestyle modification is also important in handling the condition. If you are a smoker, it is essential to join a smoking cessation programme as the link between this habit and coronary artery issues is well-established. Your body weight can be a significant contributing factor behind angina. Consult a nutritionist for proper dietary guidelines. She may advise reducing overall fat intake, and including a lot of fruits and vegetables in your meals among others.

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Unnecessary exposure of Polyfluoroalkyl substances harmful for humans

In a recent study, it has been found that unnecessary exposure to harmful chemicals to humans must be avoided. It should only be essential in terms of health, safety and many more.

In this study, researchers proposed a structure based on the concept of essential use to understand whether a chemical is really needed in a particular application.

The researchers proposed a structure based on the concept of " essential use" to understand whether a chemical is really needed in a particular application.

The researchers demonstrated the concept of a class of synthetic chemicals known as PFAS (pre and polyfluoroalkyl substances).

PFAS are used in many consumer goods because of their unique ingredients such as water and stain repellency. However, a number of scientists and health professionals expressed concerns over the use of these chemicals since they persist for a very long time, seep into our water and soil system and my adversely impact human health and wildlife.

Human health problems adversely affected by PFAS exposure are kidney and testicular cancer, liver malfunction, hypothyroidism, high cholesterol, ulcerative colitis, lower birth weight and size, obesity and decreased the immune response to vaccines.

The study also classified several uses of PFAS as non-essential. For e.g., the study points out that it may be nice to have water-repelling surfer shorts, but in this instance, water repellency is not essential. Other products analysed with the Essential Use Framework include skin care products and cosmetics, durable water repellency and stain resistance in textiles, food contact materials, medical devices, pharmaceuticals, laboratory supplies and ski waxes.

Some users may be regarded as essential in terms of health safety, e.g.. fire-fighting foams, but functional alternatives have been developed that can be  substituted instead.

The lead author of the study said, our hope is the approach can inform and encourage manufacturers, retailers, and end users to consider phasing out and substituting uses of PFAS.

A starting point would be the phase-out the multiple non-essential uses of PFASs, which are driven primarily by market opportunity, he added.

 

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Scientists Confirm Being Forgetful Is a Sign Of Very High Intelligence

Everyone forgets something from time to time. It can be from leaving an umbrella at a restaurant to an address disappearing from your brain. I myself have a hard time keeping track of all the passwords you have to remember nowadays.

Over the years I have given a try to different memory exercises and tricks to improve my own, but it rarely works for me. Maybe it’s only fair to accept that you’re a bit forgetful and probably good at something else.

However, some time ago, we came by a fantastic research, which is about forgetfulness!

It is a study which came to a rather amazing conclusion. It turns out that having a bad memory doesn’t have to be negative. Sure, it’s difficult for a person to forget things from time to time, but this could be a sign of something to be proud of, it was reported.

Competitive information

Yes, in the future you should probably stop giving yourself a bad time about how forgetful you are. This new research indicates that forgetfulness can be a sign of very high intelligence. I’d have thought it was the other way around, but it’s not.

People with the best memories tend to forget about relatively unnecessary details. So if you forgot the directions to that new restaurant, it’s probably because you have more important things on your mind.

Instead, if you remembered everything, then it would mean that you have a hard time making decisions because you have so much competing data taking part of your thought process.

You can stop worrying

An intelligent person’s brain lets go of things that it no longer needs, which facilitates thinking and decision making.

Makes sense, when you think about it!

So from now on, you can stop putting yourself down over all the little things that escape the brain. Instead, you can think about yourself as a very intelligent person who has considerably more important things to think about. 

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Novel blood test can measure severity of pain

A first-of-its-kind blood test that can measure the severity of pain in patients may help curb unnecessary prescriptions of painkillers, which are often addictive. For the study, researchers tracked hundreds of participants to identify biomarkers in the blood that can help objectively determine how severe a patient’s pain is. The blood test would allow physicians far more accuracy in treating pain-as well as a better long-term look at the patient’s medical future.

“We have developed a prototype for a blood test  that can objectively tell doctors if the patient is in pain, and how severe that pain is,” said a professor.

“It’s very important to have an objective measure of pain, as pain is a subjective sensation. Until now we have had to rely on patients self-reporting or the clinical impression the doctor has,” he said.

“When we started this work it was a farfetched idea. But the idea was to find a way to treat and prescribe things more appropriately to people who are in pain,” he said.

Researchers looked at biomarkers found in the blood -- in this case molecules that reflect disease severity. Much like as glucose serves as a biomarker to diabetes, these biomarkers allow doctors to assess the severity of the pain the patient is experiencing, and provide treatment in an objective, quantifiable manner. With an opioid epidemic becoming an increasing concern, the Prof. said never has there been a more important time to administer drugs to patients responsibly.

“The opioid epidemic occurred because addictive medications were over-prescribed due to the fact that there was no objective measure whether someone was in pain, or how severe their pain was,” he said.

“Before, doctors weren’t being taught good alternatives. The thought was that this person says they are in pain, let’s prescribe it. Now people are seeing that this created a huge problem,” he said.
“We need alternatives to opioids, and we need to treat people in a precise fashion. This test we’ve developed allows for that,” he added.

In addition to providing an objective measure of pain, the blood test helps physicians match the biomarkers in the patient’s blood with potential treatment options. Researchers utilise a prescription database -- similar to fingerprint databases employed by the FBI -- to match the pain biomarkers with profiles of drugs and natural compounds cataloged in the database.

“The biomarker is like a fingerprint, and we match it against this database and see which compound would normalise the signature,”he  said. “We found some compounds that have been used for decades to treat other things pair the best with the biomarkers. We have been able to match biomarkers with existing medications, or natural compounds, which would reduce or eliminate the need to use the opioids,” he added. 

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Women reveal the reasons they reject a preventive drug for breast cancer

Only around a fifth of women at higher risk of developing breast cancer think they need to take a drug proven to help prevent the disease, according to new research.

Around 72% said they were worried about the long-term effects of tamoxifen and 57% believed that the drug would give them unpleasant side-effects.

The researchers asked more than 400 healthy women at a higher-risk of breast cancer, from 20 centres across England, whether they thought they needed to take tamoxifen and their concerns about medication.

They discovered that almost a third (29%) of the women thought doctors prescribed too many medicines, and more than a third (35%) thought doctors would prescribe fewer drugs if they had more time. Around a quarter (24%) of the women had experienced bad reactions to medicines in the past.

Almost a quarter (24%) of the women thought people on medication should take regular breaks from the drugs; 23% said they were very sensitive to medicines and 17% believed natural remedies were safer than medicines.

In a follow-up questionnaire, answered by 250 of the women, researchers found that fewer than 15 per cent were taking tamoxifen despite having discussed preventive therapy with a healthcare professional. Women who believed the medication was less necessary and had more concerns about its use were less likely to be taking tamoxifen at follow-up.

Lead author said: "Women in our study were rightfully considering the potential harms and benefits of using preventive therapy. But some beliefs about the use of medicine were very negative. This appears to be putting some women off tamoxifen, despite its proven ability to help prevent breast cancer in the long term.

"We need to make sure health care professionals are adequately equipped to discuss the potential benefits and harms of preventive treatment with their patients so that women are well informed before deciding whether or not to take a drug."

A Dr. said: "It's understandable that women considering taking a new medicine might have some concerns and that, for some, it won't be the right option. There are some potential side effects with tamoxifen, and other medications that can help prevent cancer, but it's vital that they have all the information, so they can make the best choice for them. If women in this situation have any questions or want more information, they should discuss with doctors and nurses to know all the prod and cons of taking tamoxifen.

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Artificial intelligence accelerates breast cancer risk prediction

Researchers have recently developed an artificial intelligence (AI) software that reliably interprets mammograms, assisting doctors with a quick and accurate prediction of breast Cancer risk.

According to the study, the computer software intuitively translates patient charts into diagnostic information at 30 times human speed and with 99 percent accuracy. 

Professor Stephen T. Wong said, "This software intelligently reviews millions of records in a short amount of time, enabling us to determine breast Cancer risk more efficiently using a patient's mammogram. This has the potential to decrease unnecessary biopsies."

The team led by Wong and Jenny C. Chang, M.D, used the AI software to evaluate mammograms and pathology reports of 500 breast Cancer patients.

The software scanned patient charts, collected diagnostic features and correlated mammogram findings with breast Cancer subtype.
Clinicians used results, like the expression of tumor proteins, to accurately predict each patient's probability of breast Cancer diagnosis.

In the United States, 12.1 million mammograms are performed annually, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Fifty percent yield false positive results, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS), resulting in one in every two healthy women told they have cancer.

Currently, when mammograms fall into the suspicious category, a broad range of 3 to 95 percent Cancer risk, patients are recommended for biopsies.

Over 1.6 million breast biopsies are performed annually nationwide, and about 20 percent are unnecessarily performed due to false-positive mammogram Results of Cancer free breasts, estimates the ACS.

The Houston Methodist team hopes this artificial intelligence software will help physicians better define the percent risk requiring a biopsy, equipping doctors with a tool to decrease unnecessary breast biopsies.

Manual review of 50 charts took two clinicians 50-70 hours. AI reviewed 500 charts in a few hours, saving over 500 physician hours.

"Accurate review of this many charts would be practically impossible without AI," says Wong.

The study is published in Cancer Journal.

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.
https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com. one can see my crochet creations
https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes

https://kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com. for info on knee replacement