Researchers Decode What Gut Bacteria Have to Do With Weight Gain

A team of US researchers have found a molecule that helps synchronize the absorption of nutrients in the gut with the rhythms of the Earth's day-night light cycle -- a discovery that has far-ranging implications for obesity in affluent countries and malnutrition in impoverished countries.

Researchers found that the good bacteria that live in the guts of mammals programme the metabolic rhythms that govern the body's absorption of dietary fat.

The team also found that microbes programme these so-called circadian rhythms by activating a protein named "histone deacetylase 3" (HDAC3), which is made by cells that line the gut.

Those cells act as intermediaries between bacteria that aid in digestion of food and proteins that enable absorption of nutrients. The microbiome actually communicates with our metabolic machinery to make fat absorption more efficient.

"But when fat is overabundant, this communication can result in obesity. Whether the same thing is going on in other mammals, including humans, is the subject of future studies," said lead author.

The study, done in mice, revealed that HDAC3 turns on genes involved in the absorption of fat.
They found that HDAC3 interacts with the biological clock machinery within the gut to refine the rhythmic ebb and flow of proteins that enhance absorption of fat.

This regulation occurs in the daytime in humans, who eat during the day, and at night in mice, which eat at night.

"Our results suggest that the microbiome and the circadian clock have evolved to work together to regulate metabolism," said the researcher.

Disrupting the interactions between the microbiota and the body's clock could make us more likely to become obese.

"These disruptions happen frequently in modern life when we take antibiotics, work overnight shifts, or travel internationally. But we think that our findings might eventually lead to new treatments for obesity - and possibly malnutrition - by altering the bacteria in our guts," the researchers mentioned. 

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.   
https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com. one can see my crochet creations  
https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes    
https://kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com. for info on knee replacement    

Molecule in immune system may kill cancer cells

Researchers have found a naturally occurring molecule and a component of the immune system that could successfully target and kill cancer cells, according to a study.
The study, published in British Journal of Cancer, discovered that beta-galactoside-binding protein, a naturally occurring molecule produced by immune cells can non-specifically target cancer cells, make them undergo cell death and through a stress response pathway make the cancer cells visible to the immune system to prompt an anti-cancer immune response that would secure protection against recurrences.
"By contrast, the anti-tumour property of the molecule is selective and not harmful to normal cells. It is effective against the most aggressive colorectal cancer cells and a wide range of other cancer cells equally unresponsive to current therapies," said study lead author .
"This research presents experimental evidence for a strategy where the targeting of cancer cells and the stimulation of immunity combine to prompt immediate and long-term responses against aggressive cancer," he said.
According to the researchers, major developments in anti-cancer therapies have taken place over the last decade, but as only a subset of patients respond to treatments, there is a need for further development.
Crucially, there is a need to induce the immune system to ensure long-term protection against the recurrence of cancer.
Current approaches to achieve this involve killing cells by using chemotherapeutics and other agents which could be harmful and have uncertain outcomes, the study said.
"Translation of the molecule to the clinic could open a new therapeutic opportunity which safely combines direct killing of cancer cells and the stimulation of the immune system against recurrences, a significant step forward in the management of cancer," he added.

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.   
https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com. one can see my crochet creations  
https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes    
https://kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com. for info on knee replacement     
 

Practicing Yoga and Meditation Reverses the DNA Damage that Makes us Sick and Depressed

The researchers reviewed over ten years of  studies analyzing how our genes are affected by different practices such as mindfulness, yoga, meditation, and Tai Chi and found that they: " don't simply relax us; they can 'reverse' the  molecular reactions in our DNA which cause ill-health and depression---"
 
Here’s how it works: when you experience a stressful event, your sympathetic nervous system (SNS) flips on and your “fight-or-flight” response goes into high-gear. In early human times, this response was key to our survival, when danger may have lurked around every corner. If you survived the event, your body systems returned to normal fairly quickly. In today’s stressful world, however, our fight-or-flight mechanism can be greatly over-used and results in poor health often in the form of a higher risk of cancer and mental health issues.

Once that SNS is activated, there is increased production of a molecule called nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). This molecule is responsible for controlling how our genes are expressed. NF-kB turns on genes that make and release proteins called cytokines that cause inflammation and contribute to illness and disease.


According to this careful review of the research, however, people who engage in these “Mind-body Interventions” (MBIs) like yoga and meditation, show a remarkable decrease in the manufacture of both Nf-kB and inflammatory cytokines.

According to researchers-
“These activities are leaving what we call a molecular signature in our cells, which reverses the effect that stress or anxiety would have on the body by changing how our genes are expressed. Put simply, MBIs cause the brain to steer our DNA processes along a path which improves our well-being.”

This exciting analysis of the scientific literature confirms what many people have already experienced: mindful practices such as yoga, meditation and tai chi, can “rewire” us at the molecular level and heal and protect us from addictions, mental health issues and cancer.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                  https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/  

FOR CROCHET DESIGNS                                                                                                                                                                                              https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com

 

                           

 

A molecule that could combat chikungunya

Researchers have identified a molecule that exhibits antiviral activity against the chikungunya virus, raising hopes of finding a new way to combat the mosquito-borne viral disease.

Chikungunya causes severe fever and joint pain. At present, there are no drugs or vaccine available in the market to treat it. The antiviral activity achieved around 99 per cent reduction in the virus, said the study.

The team used structure-based studies of chikungunya virus specific nsP2 protease to identify two molecules — Pep-I and Pep-II — that exhibited protease inhibitory as well as antiviral activity.
Out of the two molecules, the researchers found PeP-I to be more effective as an antiviral molecule.

“The nsP2 protease is a strict viral enzyme, meaning it is absent in humans, and thus, is an excellent antiviral drug target for chikungunya virus,” said lead researcher.

“Our research group has targeted nsP2 using biochemical and structure-based approach. We identified a molecule that not only possesses anti-nsP2 activity but also effectively kills the chikungunya virus in the cell based assays,” the researcher- said in a statement.

One of the two molecules — Pep-I — has higher antiviral activity against chikungunya virus. The PeP-I molecule inhibits the enzymatic activity of nsP2 viral protein and in cell based assay proved to be an effective antiviral molecule.

“Derivatives of PeP-I and PeP-I like molecules are being developed that will be tested for their antiviral potential in animal model,” the researcher said.


According to the researchers, any molecule that inhibits nsP2 protease should possess antiviral activity. To test the hypothesis they carried out antiviral studies using cell lines. The Pep-II molecule showed reduced antiviral activity of only 50 per cent even at a higher concentration, the study said.

The antiviral activity was tested by adding the molecules directly into the virus culture. The two molecules also reduced the viral RNA thus confirming the antiviral activity. 

“Out of the two molecules, PeP-I is more effective as an antiviral molecule as no virus was detected in cultured cells at concentration as low as 10 mM (microMolar),” study co-author said.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                                                                                                                                                                                        PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/  

FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                        https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/                              
FOR CROCHET DESIGNS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 https://my crochet creations.blogspot.com