'Symptoms post COVID recovery may impact daily life' Says Experts

Are you a COVID-19 survivor, but still feel fatigued and not having fully recovered? You may be experiencing what is known as "Long COVID". The symptoms may not be life-threatening, but can persist for months and impact daily life, experts say. While most patients who were affected with SARS-CoV — the virus behind the deadly coronavirus — and recovered, may do fine, but some are likely to face symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, "brain fog," sleep disorders, fevers, gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, and depression, according to the US National Institutes of Health.

https://www.sentinelassam.com/national-news/symptoms-post-covid-recovery-may-impact-daily-life-says-experts-534316

Are you a COVID-19 survivor, but still feel fatigued and not having fully recovered? You may be experiencing what is known as "Long COVID". The symptoms may not be life-threatening, but can persist for months and impact daily life, experts say. While most patients who were affected with SARS-CoV — the virus behind the deadly coronavirus — and recovered, may do fine, but some are likely to face symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, "brain fog," sleep disorders, fevers, gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, and depression, according to the US National Institutes of Health.

https://www.sentinelassam.com/national-news/symptoms-post-covid-recovery-may-impact-daily-life-says-experts-534316

Are you a COVID-19 survivor, but still feel fatigued and not having fully recovered? You may be experiencing what is known as "Long COVID". The symptoms may not be life-threatening, but can persist for months and impact daily life, experts say. While most patients who were affected with SARS-CoV — the virus behind the deadly coronavirus — and recovered, may do fine, but some are likely to face symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, "brain fog," sleep disorders, fevers, gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, and depression, according to the US National Institutes of Health.

https://www.sentinelassam.com/national-news/symptoms-post-covid-recovery-may-impact-daily-life-says-experts-534316

Are you a COVID-19 survivor, but still feel fatigued and not having fully recovered? You may be experiencing what is known as "Long COVID". The symptoms may not be life-threatening, but can persist for months and impact daily life, experts say.

While most patients who were affected with SARS-CoV — the virus behind the deadly coronavirus — and recovered, may do fine, but some are likely to face symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, "brain fog," sleep disorders, fevers, gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, and depression, according to the US National Institutes of Health.

"Patients post COVID on the recovery stage can have multiple symptoms which includes weakness, myalgia, joint pain, breathlessness, cough, headache, and anxiety. Some of these symptoms are due to persistent respiratory dysfunction during the recovery phase of COVID infection and breathlessness is due to residual lung damage," Dr Praveen Gupta, Director and Head, Neurology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, said.

For those past the middle age, the condition seems to be more critical. "COVID survivors, especially after middle age, develop breathlessness and easy fatigue on exertion. Lung functions are compromised. Some would always continue to have reduced lung function in the form of breathlessness on exertion as fibrosis is seen following COVID. The degree of fibrosis in each case will decide the sequelae," said DrRavindra Gupta, Sr Consultant, Internal Medicine at Columbia Asia Hospital, Gurugram.

The symptoms per se are not life-threatening once you recover from the disease, but can affect quality of life, the health experts said, adding however, it is still too early to say how long the post-COVID symptoms could continue.

According to a large global study of the emerging "Long COVID syndrome", reported in January, nearly half of more than 3,700 self-described COVID "Long Haulers" in 56 countries could not work full time six months after unexpectedly developing prolonged symptoms of COVID-19.

Another study led by University of Washington in the US, reported in February that about one in three patients who survived COVID, continue to complain months later of symptoms like fatigue, loss of smell or taste and brain fog.

In April first week, about 1.1 million Britons reported having long COVID symptoms, the UK's Office for National Statistics (ONS) revealed. "These symptoms are usually short-lasting and resolve with appropriate medication in a few months. These symptoms are not life-threatening," Gupta said.

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Vaccination can prevent adult pneumonia

As per the last Global Burden of Disease estimates, 2.6 million people lost their lives to pneumonia in 2017. While concerted efforts are being made towards reducing the deaths among children, many countries, including India, are struggling with increasing incidence of deaths among adults due to pneumonia. Pneumonia is a leading infectious disease killer and while a lot of light has been shed on pneumonia among children under the age of five, the focus and awareness remains limited about pneumonia in adults. 

Pneumonia, is essentially a lung infection which leads to the inflammation of the lungs air sacs. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi; the air sacs present in the lungs are filled with either pus or fluids leading to their inflammation. Pneumonia can affect both children & adults yet more often than not adults fail to recognise the symptoms of pneumonia as it can easily be mistaken for a flu. 

The symptoms of pneumonia can sometimes be so mild that one can barely notice them and sometimes they can be so severe that one might need hospitalisation. Some of the common symptoms of pneumonia are cough (with greenish, yellowish or bloody mucus), fever, sweating, shaking skills, shallow breathing, chest pain, loss of appetite and confusion among the elderly. India has the highest mortality and morbidity due to Invasive Pneumococcal Disease (IPD) among adults aged more than 50 years. It then becomes important for adults to be aware of the symptoms so that they can detect it early on and take necessary actions. 

Once diagnosed, it is recommended that the patients strictly adhere to the treatment plan suggested by the doctor for proper recovery. While managing the disease is essential, it is more important to bear in mind that pneumonia is preventable. Getting a pneumococcal vaccine is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of contracting pneumonia.
Vaccination protects an individual against pneumococcal bacteria and reduces the chances of contracting the disease. It has been associated with improved survival rates, minimal risk of respiratory failure and other severe complications and in case of adults hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia, shorter in-patient stays. This type of vaccine is effective in preventing not only the invasive pneumococcal disease and but also other forms of pneumococcal disease, including presumptive pneumococcal pneumonia.


It is a fact that among adults, it is the elderly who are the most vulnerable. However, besides the elderly, there are other groups who are at high-risk of contracting this infectious disease. These are people with chronic conditions like diabetes and COPD, smokers and malnourished adults. The vaccination is highly recommended for individuals in these high-risk groups.

Pneumonia among adults is a huge health burden in the country. Vaccination of the adult population needs to be a key component of a healthy aging strategy, since there is already convincing evidence that this approach can have an important impact on morbidity, mortality and quality of life.

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Asprin may help reduce harmful effects of air pollution on lungs

The findings published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine highlight that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin may lessen the effects of air pollution exposure on lung function.

Researchers analyzed a subset of data collected from a cohort of 2,280 male veterans from the greater Boston area who were given tests to determine their lung function. The average age of participants was 73 years.

 

The researchers examined the relationship between test results, self-reported NSAID use, and ambient particulate matter (PM) and black carbon in the month preceding the test, while accounting for a variety of factors, including the health status of the subject and whether or not he was a smoker.

They found that the use of any NSAID nearly halved the effect of PM on lung function, with the association consistent across all four weekly air pollution measurements from same-day to 28 days prior to the lung function test.

Because most of the people in the study cohort who took NSAIDs used aspirin, the researchers say the modifying effect they observed was mainly from aspirin, but add that effects of non-aspirin NSAIDs are worthy of further exploration.

Researchers speculate that NSAIDs mitigate inflammation brought about by air pollution.
“It is still important to minimize our exposure to air pollution, which is linked to a host of adverse health effects, from cancer to cardiovascular disease” said first and corresponding author.

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Gum bacteria implicated in Alzheimer's and other diseases

Researchers are reporting new findings on how bacteria involved in gum disease can travel throughout the body, exuding toxins connected with Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and aspiration pneumonia. They detected evidence of the bacteria in brain samples from people with Alzheimer's and used mice to show that the bacterium can find its way from the mouth to the brain. 

The bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is the bad actor involved in periodontitis, the most serious form of gum disease. These new findings underscore the importance of good dental hygiene as scientists seek ways to better control this common bacterial infection. 

"Oral hygiene is very important throughout our life, not only for having a beautiful smile but also to decrease the risk of many serious diseases," said  a professor Dentistry and head of the department of microbiology. "People with genetic risk factors that make them susceptible to rheumatoid arthritis or Alzheimer's disease should be extremely concerned with preventing gum disease."

While previous researchers have noted the presence of P. gingivalis in brain samples from Alzheimer's patients, this team offers the strongest evidence to date that the bacterium may actually contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

The researchers compared brain samples from deceased people with and without Alzheimer's disease who were roughly the same age when they died. They found P. gingivalis was more common in samples from Alzheimer's patients, evidenced by the bacterium's DNA fingerprint and the presence of its key toxins, known as gingipains. 

In studies using mice, they showed P. gingivalis can move from the mouth to the brain and that this migration can be blocked by chemicals that interact with gingipains. An experimental drug that blocks gingipains, known as COR388, is currently in phase 1 clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease. Researchers are working on other compounds that block enzymes important to P. gingivalis and other gum bacteria in hopes of interrupting their role in advancing Alzheimer's and other diseases. 

The researchers also report evidence on the bacterium's role in the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis, as well as aspiration pneumonia, a lung infection caused by inhaling food or saliva. 

"P. gingivalis's main toxins, the enzymes the bacterium need to exert its devilish tasks, are good targets for potential new medical interventions to counteract a variety of diseases," said the Prof. "The beauty of such approaches in comparison to antibiotics is that such interventions are aimed only at key pathogens, leaving alone good, commensal bacteria, which we need." 

P. gingivalis commonly begins to infiltrate the gums during the teenage years. About one in five people under age 30 have low levels of the bacterium in their gums. While it is not harmful in most people, if it grows to large numbers the bacteria provoke the body's immune system to create inflammation, leading to redness, swelling, bleeding and the erosion of gum tissue. 

Making matters worse, P. gingivalis even causes benign bacteria in the mouth to change their activities and further increase the immune response. Bacteria can travel from the mouth into the bloodstream through the simple act of chewing or brushing teeth. 

The best way to prevent P. gingivalis from growing out of control is by brushing and flossing regularly and visiting a dental hygienist at least once a year, Potempa said. Smokers and older people are at increased risk for infection. Genetic factors are also thought to play a role, but they are not well understood. 

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