The Surprising Reasons the Color of Your Eyes Can Change

No matter what eye color you have, we all wondered at one point or another, what it would be like to have a different eye color. It turns out that some people do experience a change in their eye color throughout life. Does it necessarily indicate a health risk? Not always, but of course it is important to be cautious. "The factors that can cause eyes to change colors — or appear to have different colors — include genes, diseases, and trauma," said ophthalmologist Omar Chaudhary, MD. However, it’s also possible for the rare phenomenon to occur for harmless reasons.

How does our eye color develop?

When you were born, you likely had blue eyes. Babies’ eyes display this color because their bodies and eyes contain low levels of melanin, the pigment that gives your eyes, skin, and hair their color. Once your body becomes exposed to light, it starts to produce more melanin, the shade of your hair, skin, and eyes usually darkens to an extent, depending on your genes.

The color of our eyes is usually the last to fully form. The eye color of the majority of the world’s population usually darkens to the point it becomes dark brown, regardless of how much or little light exposure they have and will stay the same for the rest of their lives (some peoples' eyes remain a certain shade of blue or green, depending on one's genes). In the rare occurrence the eyes change color significantly throughout adulthood, there are several common causes that are important to be aware of. 

The common causes of eye color change

1. Mood Intense joy or rage can change the regularity of the heartbeat and release hormones that cause the pupils to expand or contract. When the pupil changes size, the pigments in the iris compress or spread apart, and change the shade of your eye color.
 
2. Iris Freckles
Iris freckles, medically called iris ephelis, are small brown spots that can appear on the surface of the iris. Occurring in about 60 percent of people, these flecks on the surface of the iris (the colored part of the eye) are due to increased amounts of the pigment melanin produced by cells called melanocytes. They do not affect your vision and do not develop into malignant melanoma; they might, however, lead to a change in eye color

3. Aging

Many seniors develop a state called arcus senilis. It is manifested in a hazy blue or white ring on the cornea from a build-up of natural fatty substances - lipids. It’s common with aging and is usually harmless. Most people develop some degree of arcus senilis as they age. 

4. Cataract
A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye, behind the pupil, that makes it look milky or gray. This state usually develops when aging or injury changes the tissue that makes up your eye's lens. Some inherited genetic disorders that cause other health problems can increase your risk of cataracts. In most cases, it isn’t a cause for great concern as it can be successfully removed with surgery.

5. Clothing
You might remember from your school days that complementary colors enhance one another. When reds and greens are placed together, the reds appear more vibrant while the greens appear lusher. This principle applies to eye color as well. If you wear certain colors of clothing, the pigments in your shirt, jacket, tie, or scarf could temporarily change the color of your eyes. Depending on the color you wear, your eyes may appear lighter or darker.

6. Heterochromia
Heterochromia refers to a condition where each iris has a different color. However, a few kinds of this condition exist. People with central heterochromia have a different color near the border of their pupils, while complete heterochromia means having eyes that are completely different colors. That is, one eye may be green and their other eye brown, blue, or another color.
Some people are born with some type of heterochromia, in which case it doesn’t affect their health. However, it is possible to develop heterochromia as an adult for various reasons: eye injury, eye surgery, glaucoma, or a tumor in the iris. Therefore, if you notice a drastic change in your eye color, it’s best to visit an ophthalmologist or optometrist to rule out any possible health risks.

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.     

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12 Ways COVID-19 Can Sneak Into Your Home

The Coronavirus epidemic has been very devastating and scary for many. Many countries around the world have shut down as everyone is encouraged to stay home unless they go out to buy necessities such as groceries. Those will always remain open and when you go grocery shopping, you will be encouraged to wear masks, gloves, and to stay 6 feet away from others as well.
Even if you are very careful, there are still 12 ways that COVID-19 can sneak into your home. Let’s talk about those now.

#12 – Packages And Mail

Even though the virus does not stay on the packaging for more than a day, you can still bring it in if someone who is infected has delivered your mail or package. Therefore, why not keep it in the garage for a day and allow it to die. When you take the mail or packages inside, you must wash your hands thoroughly after handling it.

#11 – Through Your Door

Even though people have been maintaining the 6-foot rule of staying away from you but if the doorbell rings by say, a food delivery driver and leaves the meal in a bag on your doorstep, it is easy for the virus to be transported into your home. The best thing to do is to not touch the doorbell or the area around it. When you grab the package, keep it on the floor while removing the contents. Then wash your hands thoroughly after handling it.

#10 – Used Gloves

Many people tend to take their used gloves into their homes and toss them in their own trashcans. You don’t want to do that. You want to toss your gloves in a public garbage can and then wipe your hands with disinfectant wipes on the way home. Then wash your hands right away when you walk in. Therefore, never bring your used gloves home.

#9 – Your Used Mask

If you are wearing a cloth mask, you will stay protected as long as you use it carefully and correctly. And you will also do your part in stopping the spread. As soon as you walk into the home, be sure to throw your cloth mask into the washing machine in hot water. Therefore, if you must leave the house several times a week or if you are an essential worker, you need plenty of cloth masks on hand.

#8 – Your Pet

Your pet will not catch the virus. However, if your hands are infected and you touch your pet, then others in your home will end up with the virus after they touch the beloved dog or cat. If you want to give your dog a cuddle, be sure to wash your hands thoroughly.

#7 – The ATM

People don’t realize that using the ATM is a sure way to transfer the virus to your hands. This is why it is important to wear gloves when you are out. When you take them off in your car and dispose of them, be sure to have disinfectant wipes to wipe your hands. Then when you get home, wash your hands thoroughly.

#6 – Your Fingernails

Are you a nail biter? Or did you have finger food and you did not wash your hands after? If you are an asymptomatic carrier, then you licking your fingers or biting your nails is a sure way to pass the virus around as you touch things. If you must do those things, be sure to wash your hands right after.

#5 – Your Shoes

Your shoes are most definitely contaminated as you will be walking into supermarkets that likely has the virus on the floor. As soon as you get home spray your shoes with Lysol or any other disinfectant spray and leave your shoes on the mat by your door. Don’t wear your shoes inside your home.

#4 – The Gas Pump

You don’t know who is using the gas pump. It could be someone who has the infection and that means you will end up with the infection as well if you are not protecting yourself while you use the gas pump. Wear gloves when you use it, and then rinse and repeat the tip from the previous point to keep your home safe.

#3 – Your Kids

Your kids will likely be carriers and asymptomatic. They will not realize the importance of hygiene and there is a good chance they can bring it in even if they stay within the premises by touching poles or fences even when they are in their own backyards. They need to realize how important it is for them to keep their hands extremely clean during the pandemic.

#2 – Your Towels

That towel that you are using to dry your hands likely has those germs on it and the virus itself. This is why it is highly important to wash your towels often so you can lower the risk. Better yet, use paper towels that you can throw out after use.

#1 – Your Clothing

The clothes that you wear once you are out and about can easily pick up the virus as its spikes attach itself onto clothing. You will want to wash your clothes often and even though it is not realistic to wash your clothes daily, keep them off of furniture after you take them off.

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.     

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Third-hand smoke can damage one's respiratory system

The hazards of second-hand smoke are well-known. Now, scientists found even third-hand smoke could do harm to one's respiratory health by changing gene expressions.

The study  showed that the third-hand smoke can damage epithelial cells in the respiratory system, coercing those cells into a fight for survival.

The third-hand smoke, or THS, results when the exhaled smoke and smoke emanating from the burning cigarettes settle on surfaces like clothing, hair and furniture.

The researchers  obtained nasal scrapes from four healthy nonsmoking women aged 27 to 49 years, who were randomized to receive the clean air exposure first and then THS exposure for three hours. The researchers extracted RNA from them to examine their gene expression changes.

A total of 382 genes among approximately 10,000 genes in the data set were significantly over-expressed and seven other genes were under-expressed, according to the study.

"THS inhalation for only three hours significantly altered gene expression in the nasal epithelium of healthy nonsmokers," said the paper's first author Giovanna Pozuelos, a graduate student at UCR.

Also, the researchers found that the inhalation altered pathways associated with oxidative stress that may cause cancer in the long term.

The nasal membrane tissue is similar to those in the bronchus, so the researchers suggested that the damage could go deeper in the respiratory system.

"Many smoking adults think, 'I smoke outside, so my family inside the house will not get exposed.' But smokers carry chemicals like nicotine indoors with their clothes," said  a professor  who led the research.

"It's important that people understand that THS is real and potentially harmful," said the Prof.

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