A Study Reveals That Children Get Most of Their Genes From Their Maternal Grandmother

Our maternal grandmothers are unique in that they have a special connection with us, their grandchildren. They play an important role in our lives, both on an emotional and on a genetic level. Even if you don’t spend much time with your maternal grandmother, the bond between you and her will never fade away. It happens because you inherit her DNA, her temperament, her tastes, and her emotions!

A Chilean essayist, has written a book where he explains the genetic influence of maternal grandmothers on their grandchildren, because genes can skip generations passing from a grandparent directly to the grandchild.

According to him, the genes that children receive in their mothers’ wombs come directly from their grandmothers. Among all the grandparents and relatives, the maternal grandmother is the one who is the most responsible for gene inheritance.

Genes don’t always get passed on directly to the next generation, buy they can skip one. That’s why there is always a possibility that some kids might look like their aunts, uncles, and grandparents more than their own parents.

Children may not look exactly like their grandmother, but there will always be a mark on them: a mole, a smile, their eye color, their way of moving and walking. Also, they sometimes inherit the bone structure, muscles, or even genetic diseases from their grandparents.

We share an average of 25% of our DNA with our grandparents. Scientists  have published  research about the bond between the maternal grandmother and their grandchildren. According to this research, this connection happens because of the X-chromosome: maternal grandmothers pass 25% of their X-chromosomes to all their grandchildren, which allows them to inherit her genes.

Paternal grandmothers only pass on their X-chromosomes to their granddaughters, but not to their grandsons. So while the paternal grandmother has a 50% X-relatedness to their granddaughters, they are 0% X-related to their grandsons.

Don’t worry, this doesn’t mean that grandchildren are not close to their paternal grandparents. The most important thing to remember is to maintain frequent contact and a general presence in a child’s life. This will improve the essential bonds that are necessary to build a strong friendly family, regardless of genes or gender.

 

According to him, children also inherit the emotional experiences of their maternal grandmothers. The emotions that a grandmother felt when she was pregnant with her daughter can be passed on to her future grandchildren, since this information can be recorded in DNA and remain there even if it skips a generation.

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Scientists decode physical impact of smiles

Not all smiles express warmth and joy, but they can also be mean. 

Human bodies tend to react differently depending on the message a smile is meant to send, says a psychologists. 

The study showed that smiles meant to convey dominance are associated with a physical reaction "a spike in stress hormones" in their targets.

On the other hand, smiles intended as a reward, to reinforce behaviour, appear to physically buffer recipients against stress.

Researchers established three major types of smiles as dominance -- meant to convey status --, affiliation -- which communicates a bond and shows you are not a threat --, and reward -- the sort of beaming, toothy smile you would give someone to let them know they are making you happy.

"Our results show that subtle differences in the way you make facial expressions while someone is talking to you can fundamentally change their experience, their body, and the way they feel like you are evaluating them," said a psychology graduate.

For the study, the team stressed out male college students by giving them a series of short, impromptu speaking assignments judged over a webcam by a fellow student.

The speakers' heart rates and levels of cortisol -- a hormone associated with stress were measured.
"If they received dominance smiles, which they would interpret as negative and critical, they felt more stress, and their cortisol went up and stayed up longer after their speech," said co-author.

"If they received reward smiles, they reacted to that as approval, and it kept them from feeling as much stress and producing as much cortisol," the author added.

Participants with high heart-rate variability have shown stronger physiological reactions to the different smiles, while the variability is not innate and unalterable.

However, certain disorders like obesity, cardiovascular disease, anxiety and depression can drag down the heart-rate variability, which can make it difficult to recognise and react to social signals such as dominance and reward smiles, the author said.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.    

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