Health Ministry issues advisory for aged people

Stating that the course of COVID-19 tends to be more severe in the case of the elderly population, resulting in higher mortality, the Union Health Ministry has issued a health advisory, listing some "dos" and "don'ts" for reducing the transmission of the virus among the aged section.

The advisory said globally, COVID-19 has impacted several lives and is steadily increasing its reach. While the Indian government has taken stringent actions to contain the spread of COVID-19, 
including a nationwide lockdown, it is also critical for each one of us to follow the protocols and take necessary measures and precautions to break the chain of transmission of the disease, it added.

Elderly people are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection due to their decreased immunity and body reserves, as well as multiple associated comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Also, course of disease tends to be more severe in case of elderlies, resulting in higher mortality, the advisory stated.

The ministry advised the elderly people to wash their hands and face at regular intervals with soap, stay at home,a void meeting visitors at home and if such a meeting is essential, maintain a distance of at least one metre.

It asked them to ensure proper nutrition through home-cooked, fresh, hot meals, hydrate frequently and take fresh juices to boost immunity.

The" dos" also include exercising, taking the daily prescribed medicines regualrly, postponing elective surgeries ( if any) like cataract surgery or total knee replacement and cleaning frequently-touched surfaces with a disinfectant.

If you develop fever, cough, and or breathing difficulty, immediately contact nearest healthcare facility and follow the medical advice, the advisory said.

It also listed some " don'ts", including coughing or sneezing into bare hands without covering the face and not going near people suffering from fever and cough.

It advised them against self-medicating and going to hospital for routine chekc-ups or follow-ups.

As far as possible, make tele-consultation with your healthcare provider. Don't go to  crowded places like parks, markets and religious places and don't go out unless it is absolutely essential, it said.

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.     

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Blood vessels may turn into bone-like particles with age

Researchers have discovered that blood vessels within bone marrow may progressively turn into bones with advancing age.

The study suggested that ossified particles may contribute to  diseases such as vascular calcification, heart attack, stroke and inadequate blood supply to the limbs.

By examining seemingly unrelated images and linking the details of them together, the author was able to posit the presence of bone-like particles in the blood, she said.

In fact, some of the ossified particles are large enough to clog the smallest blood vessels in the vascular tree, she added.

Approximately 610,000 people die each year from a heart disease-related event, making it the leading cause of death for both men n women in the U.S.

Vascular calcification is a common characteristic and risk factor for morbidity and mortality, she said. These bone-like particles are potentially more dangerous because of their sharp edges.

Some of the ossified particles have sharp tips and edges that could damage the lining of blood vessels, she said. This damage could initiate events leading to atherosclerosis ( build-up of plaque), which can restrict blood flow over time.

The discovery of these bone-like particles could help physicians detect and treat potentially life-threatening conditions.

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When looking for etiologies related to vascular calcification, heart attack and or stroke, perhaps we should consider if and how ossified particles contribute to these diseases, she said.

Obesity ups risk of preterm birth

Women who are overweight or obese are more likely to have pre-term delivery, according to a new  study.

Those with the highest Body Mass Index (BMI) also had the highest statistical risk of giving pre-term birth - and especially extremely pre-term birth.

"For the individual woman who is overweight or obese, the risk of an extremely pre-term delivery is still small. However, these finding are important from a population perspective. Pre-term infants and, above all, extremely pre-term infants account for a substantial fraction of infant mortality and morbidity in high income countries," said the Dr. who led the study.

Compared to women of normal weight, overweight women had a 25 percent increased risk of extremely pre-term delivery. Women with mild obesity had a 60 percent increased risk of giving birth extremely pre-term  For women with severe obesity (BMI 35-39.9) or extreme obesity (BMI 40 or more) the corresponding risk was doubled and tripled, respectively.

Risks of very and moderately pre term deliveries also increased with BMI.

Overweight and obesity also increase the risk of maternal pregnancy complications, including pre-eclampsia  gestational diabetes, and Caesarean delivery, said the Dr.

Infection and inflammation are considered main risk factors for spontaneous extremely pre-term delivery with a spontaneous onset, and maternal obesity is associated with increased production of inflammatory proteins. The researchers hypothesize that the increased inflammatory state in obese women may make them more susceptible to infections, which may increase their risk of spontaneous extremely pre-term delivery.