10 Signs Your Child is Being Bullied

When it comes to kids, one might say the social structure is "complicated". Adult society is pretty clear on what is OK and what is not. But with children, involving adults or formal authorities such as teachers or the principal - may have social repercussions they are either unwilling or too terrified to face. This is information none of us wants to use and yet is crucial to know. Parents and grandparents must keep an eye out for those signs that a child is being bullied. It doesn't always look like a black eye or scratches, sometimes it's only psychological or social - that is enough to scar a child, and no parent wants that for theirs. 
 

10 signs that your child is bullied-
There are many warning signs that may indicate that a child is being bullied. Actually around 26 million children suffer from school violence every year worldwide, according to UNESCO. Recognising the warning signs is an important first step in taking action against bullying.
* change in behaviour or personality
*doesn't want to go to school
*difficulty sleeping or frequent nightmares
*sudden drop in grades
*excluded from friendship groups
* physical complaints
* feeling lonely
* inexplicable physical marks
* decreased self esteem
* materials are damaged or lost
 

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                  https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/                                                                      FOR CROCHET DESIGNS                                                                                                    

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Scientists Create World's First 3D-Printed Heart Using Patient's Own Cells

Researchers at Tel Aviv University have successfully printed the world’s first 3D heart using a patient’s own cells and biological materials to “completely match the immunological, cellular, biochemical, and anatomical properties of the patient.”

Until now, researchers have only been able to 3D-print simple tissues lacking blood vessels.
"This heart is made from human cells and patient-specific biological materials. In our process these materials serve as the bioinks, substances made of sugars and proteins that can be used for 3D printing of complex tissue models," said lead researcher in a statement. "People have managed to 3D-print the structure of a heart in the past, but not with cells or with blood vessels. Our results demonstrate the potential of our approach for engineering personalized tissue and organ replacement in the future." 

F, G) A printed heart within a support bath. H) After extraction, the left and right ventricles were injected with red and blue dyes, respectively, in order to demonstrate hollow chambers and the septum in‐between them. 

Describing their work, the research team started by taking biopsies of fatty tissues from abdominal structures known as the omentum in both humans and pigs. The tissue's cellular materials were separated from those that weren’t and reprogrammed to become pluripotent stem cells, “master cells” able to make cells from all three body layers with the potential to produce any cell or tissue in the body. The team then made the extracellular matrix – made up of collagen and glycoproteins – into a hydrogel used as the printing “ink”. Cells were mixed with the hydrogel and then differentiated into cardiac or endothelial cells (those that line the interior surface of blood and lymphatic vessels) to create patient-specific, immune-compatible cardiac patches complete with blood vessels and, ultimately, an entire heart bioengineered from “native” patient-specific materials.

Though promising, the team is quick to remind us that their hearts are not yet ready for human transplantation.

"At this stage, our 3D heart is small, the size of a rabbit's heart," said the researcher. "But larger human hearts require the same technology."

For starters, creating a human heart would take much longer and require billions of cells – not just millions. Furthermore, the cherry-sized hearts don’t necessarily behave like hearts, requiring researchers to further develop and “train” them to be like human hearts and form a pumping ability. Currently, the cells can contract but do not work together.

Regardless, the development is a massive step for the advancement of organ transplantation. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in men and women in the US, with heart transplants being the only treatment available to those with end-stage heart failure. Not only does a shortage of donors require the development of new strategies, but creating hearts that jive with a patient’s unique biological makeup could prevent the risk of rejection.

"The biocompatibility of engineered materials is crucial to eliminating the risk of implant rejection, which jeopardizes the success of such treatments," said the researcher. "Ideally, the biomaterial should possess the same biochemical, mechanical and topographical properties of the patient's own tissues. Here, we can report a simple approach to 3D-printed thick, vascularized and perfusable cardiac tissues that completely match the immunological, cellular, biochemical and anatomical properties of the patient."
After “training” the hearts to efficiently pump, the team hopes to transplant them into animals for further testing.

Cells from a patient's omentum tissue are separated and processed into a personalized thermoresponsive hydrogel. The cells are reprogrammed to become pluripotent and are then differentiated to cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells before encapsulation within the hydrogel to generate the bioinks used for printing. The bioinks are then printed to engineer vascularized patches and complex cellularized structures. 

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/    

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Now, get out of that dentist's chamber fast!

There is good news for those who do not want to spend too much time on the dental chair as researchers have now discovered a new dental filling material that is faster to harden.

The new generation of photo-active materials is based on the element Germanium.

In modern dentistry, white composite materials that are more commonly are based on photo-active materials that harden when they are exposed to light.

But as the light does not penetrate very deeply into the material, the patients often have to endure a cumbersome procedure in which the fillings are applied and hardened in several steps.

The penetration depth of the light depends on its wavelength. "Usually, light in the violet and ultraviolet region is used," said Robert Liska from Vienna University of Technology.

It is also possible to use light with longer wavelengths, which penetrates deeper into the material, but then the polymerisation process is less efficient.

If the filling cannot be hardened in one step, the procedure has to be repeated several times and if the cavity is large, this can be rather uncomfortable.

This problem can now be solved with a new Germanium-based molecule, said the study.

The molecule is split into two parts by blue light, creating radicals, which initiate a chain reaction: molecular compounds, which are already present in the filling, assemble into polymers, and the material hardens.

The Germanium-based photo initiator was created at the Vienna University of Technology and then extensively tested by Ivoclar Vivadent.

PS- THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.

PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO VIEW MY BLOG-

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FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-

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FOR CROCHET DESIGNS

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Sleep 'boosts brain cell numbers'

Scientists believe they have discovered a new reason why we need to sleep - it replenishes a type of brain cell.

Sleep ramps up the production of cells that go on to make an insulating material known as myelin which protects our brain's circuitry.

The findings, so far in mice, could lead to insights about sleep's role in brain repair and growth as well as the disease MS.

Dr  found that the production rate of the myelin making cells, immature oligodendrocytes, doubled as mice slept.

The increase was most marked during the type of sleep that is associated with dreaming - REM or rapid eye movement sleep - and was driven by genes.

In contrast, the genes involved in cell death and stress responses were turned on when the mice were forced to stay awake.

Precisely why we need to sleep has baffled scientists for centuries. It's obvious that we need to sleep to feel rested and for our mind to function well - but the biological processes that go on as we slumber have only started to be uncovered relatively recently.

Growth and repair

Dr said: "For a long time, sleep researchers focused on how the activity of nerve cells differs when animals are awake versus when they are asleep.

"Now it is clear that the way other supporting cells in the nervous system operate also changes significantly depending on whether the animal is asleep or awake."

The researchers say their findings suggest that sleep loss might aggravate some symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease that damages myelin.

In MS, the body's immune system attacks and destroys the myelin coating of nerves in the brain and spinal cord.

Future studies could look at whether or not sleep affects the symptoms of MS, says Dr.

Her team is also interested in testing whether lack of sleep, especially during adolescence, may have long-term consequences for the brain.

Sleep appears necessary for our nervous systems to work properly.

Deep sleep coincides with the release of growth hormone in children and young adults. Many of the body's cells also show increased production and reduced breakdown of proteins during deep sleep.

Since proteins are the building blocks needed for cell growth and for repair of damage from factors like stress and ultraviolet rays, deep sleep may truly be "beauty sleep".

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

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