Hepatitis C transmissiom from mothers to babies can be prevented through universal screening

In a recent study conducted by researchers in Canada stated that the transmission of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) from mothers to babies can be prevented.

Accoding to the study, the transmission can only be prevented if Canada recommended universal screening for HCV in pregnancy.

The lead author of the research said, we encourage all care providers to consider the reproductive implications of HCV, to consider HCV screening in pregnancy and referral for treatment of HCV.

The time has come to move toward universal HCV screening in women who are pregnant, with initial prenatal investigations that are then repeated based in risk factors in the  3rd trimester, she concluded.
Almost half of the women infected with HCV are unaware of their infection, and current treatment with direct acting antiviral regimens is quite effective.

With the care gaps in both maternal screening in pregnancy and postnatal infant screening. Canada likely has a large cohort of infants, children and young adults with progressive liver disease, who could have been cured of the HCV infection if it had been identified early or, quite simply, would not  have been infected at all, the author explained.

The elimination of vertical transmission of HCV from mother to child is easily achievable with the collaboration of public health care professionals.

 

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Hepatitis C increases cancer risk

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People infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be at increased risk of various forms of cancers, including renal, prostate as well as liver cancer, warns a new research.

The researchers found that cancer rates in patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) were more than double compared to those without HCV.

"The results suggest that cancer rates are increased in the cohort of hepatitis C patients versus the non-hepatitis C patients, both including and excluding liver cancers," said senior author of the study Lisa Nyberg from the Kaiser Permanente, Southern California.

"These findings certainly point to the suggestion that hepatitis C may be associated with an increased risk of cancer," Nyberg noted.

The researchers suggest an extrahepatic manifestation of HCV may be an increased risk of cancer.

The retrospective study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente, Southern California. The study authors recorded all cancer diagnoses in patients over 18 years of age with or without HCV during 2008-2012.

In the HCV cohort there were 2,213 cancer diagnoses (1,524/100,000) during the five-year period and 1,654 cancer diagnoses when liver cancer was excluded (1,139/100,000).

In the non-HCV cohort there were 84,419 cancer diagnoses (605/100,000) during the same five-year period and 83,795 (601/100,000) when liver cancer was excluded.

When all cancers are considered the rate is 2.5 times higher in the HCV cohort; when liver cancers are excluded, the rate is still almost two times higher.

However, the findings must be interpreted with caution, as the study also showed that confounding factors such as alcohol abuse, tobacco, obesity, and diabetes modified the results, Nyberg pointed out

The study was presented at The International Liver Congress 2015 in Vienna, Austria.     

Potential hepatitis C cure found in Chinese herb

In what could revolutionise treatment of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), scientists have isolated a new compound from Chinese herbal medicines that can inhibit HCV activity by approximately 90 percent.

The new compound, SBEL1, was extracted from a herb found in certain regions of Taiwan and Southern China.

In Chinese medicine, it is used to treat sore throats and inflammations. The function of SBEL1 within the plant is unknown and its role and origins are currently being investigated.

"Recent advances means that we can now virtually cure HCV without unpleasant side effects," said Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, associate professor of medicine at University of Vienna in Austria.

In the past, less than 20 percent of all HCV patients were treated because the available treatments were unsuitable due to poor efficacy and high toxicity, Peck-Radosavljevic said.

For the research, scientists pre-treated human liver cells in vitro with SBEL1 prior to HCV infection and found that SBEL1 pre-treated cells contained 23 percent less HCV protein than the control, suggesting that SBEL1 blocks virus entry.

"SBEL1 has demonstrated significant inhibition of HCV at multiple stages of the viral life cycle, which is an exciting discovery because it allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the virus and its interactions with other compounds," Peck-Radosavljevic noted.

There are an estimated 150 million to 200 million people living with chronic HCV and more than 350,000 people die annually from HCV-related diseases.

HCV is transmitted through blood contact between an infected individual and someone who is not infected.

This can occur through needlestick injuries or sharing of equipment used to inject drugs.

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