Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Coffee bean extract may be beneficial in reducing fat-induced inflammation

When coffee beans are processed and roasted the husk and silverskin of the bean are removed and unused, and often are left behind in fields by coffee producers.

Food science and human nutrition researchers have discovered  inflammation-fighting phenolic compounds — protocatechuic acid and gallic acid — in the silverskin and husk of coffee beans not only for their benefits in alleviating chronic disease but also in adding value to would-be ‘waste’ products from the coffee processing industry.

“This material from coffee beans is interesting mainly because of its composition. It’s been shown to be non-toxic. And these phenolics have a very high anti-oxidant capacity,” said  co-author of the study.

When fat cells of mice were treated with water-based extracts from coffee beans skins, the phenolic compounds reduced fat-induced inflammation in the cells and improved glucose absorption and insulin sensitivity.

The findings show promise for these bioactive compounds, when consumed as part of the diet, as a strategy for preventing obesity-related chronic illnesses, such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

For the study, the fat cells and immune cells were cultured together to recreate the ‘real-life’ interaction between the two cells.

When obesity-related inflammation is present, the fat cells and immune cells work together — stuck in a loop–to increase oxidative stress and interfere with glucose uptake, worsening the situation.

In order to block this loop and prevent chronic disease, the researchers’ goals are to eliminate or reduce as much inflammation as possible in order to allow glucose uptake to be facilitated, as well as to have healthy cells that will produce adequate insulin.

The researchers also stressed the positive impact on the environment of using the coffee bean by-products.

During coffee processing, the bean is separated from the husk, the external outer layer of the bean. After the bean is roasted, the silverskin layer is separated.

“It’s a huge environmental problem because when they separate this husk after processing, it usually stays in the field fermenting, growing mold, and causing problems,” explained one of the researcher.

Worldwide, 1,160,000 tonnes of husk are left in fields per year, potentially causing contamination.

Additionally, 43,000 tonnes of silverskin is produced each year, which, the researcher  adds, may be easier to utilize because it stays with the bean as it is exported to different countries to be roasted.

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Sunday, April 17, 2016

Acute dose of diabetes treatment can improve liver metabolism

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 In a major breakthrough, scientists have found out a way to improve liver metabolism in humans.

Experts claim that using an acute dose of an existing diabetes treatment could prove helpful for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

In a study, it was observed that a Type-2 diabetes treatment has "off-label" benefits for glucose control in the liver and in fatty cells known as adipose.

NAFLD is a condition in which fat builds up in the liver and in some cases this accumulation of fat can cause inflammation of the liver.

This eventually leads to permanent scarring (cirrhosis), which can seriously impair the liver's ability to function.

The study showed that exenatide -- a treatment that targets the pancreas to improve glucose absorption -- enhances glucose uptake and reduces insulin resistance in the liver and in adipose tissue.

"There has been much discussion around the benefit of using injectable diabetes treatments, such as exenatide, on other tissues than the pancreas to improve glucose control," said lead study author Amailia Gastaldelli from University of Texas Health Science Centre in the US.

"This is why we set out to evaluate the effects of exenatide on the liver and adipose tissue; to better understand the benefits this treatment could offer to a wider group of patients," Gastaldelli added.

"This interesting study shows promising findings for the many people around the world who suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease," said Tom Hemming Karlsen from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).

"The authors have succeeded in identifying an existing treatment that can improve liver metabolism, which is an important step forward for the hepatology community," Karlsen added.

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