Study Reveals Fat Loss Drug May Prevent Liver Disease in People Living with HIV

Tesamorelin Reverses Signs of Liver Disease in People Living with HIV

The injectable drug Tesamorelin an HGH release has been demonstrated by researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to be helpful for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

In a study, NIH scientists found that the injectable hormone helped to lower liver fat and avert liver fibrosis, or scarring.

Many people who have HIV also suffer from NAFLD, a condition that develops as a result of fat accumulation in the liver. Alcohol consumption is not the cause of this type of liver disease. Estimates have it that up to 1 in every 4 HIV patients in developed nations has NAFLD.

The disorder can lead to potentially life-threatening liver issues, including liver damage, cirrhosis, and cancer. There are currently no effective therapies for it.

“Many people living with HIV have overcome significant obstacles to live longer and healthier lives, though many still experience liver disease,” said a researcher. “It is encouraging that tesamorelin, a drug already approved to treat other complications of HIV, may be effective in addressing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.”

Boosting liver health

In the study, scientists set out to investigate whether the injectable hormone in focus could reduce liver fat in people having both HIV and NAFLD. Of the participants enlisted, around 43 percent had at least mild liver fibrosis. A severe form of NAFLD known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was observed in 33 percent of the subjects.

The researchers randomly placed the participants in groups to receive 2mg tesamorelin or placebo injections daily. They also trained the subjects on how to self-administer the daily injections and provided them with nutritional counseling.

Those participants who got daily tesamorelin showed a significant reduction in hepatic fat fraction (HFF) after one year of treatment. This was an indication of improved liver health. The HFF refers to the ratio of fat to other liver tissue, with a healthy range being less than five percent.

Scientists observed that 35% of study participants who got hormone injections attained a healthy HFF range. On the other hand, just about four percent of the placebo group achieved a normal HFF with nutritional counseling alone.

The absolute difference in reduction in HFF was 4.1 percent.

Only two participants in the tesamorelin group experienced onset or worsening of liver fibrosis, compared to nine in the placebo group.

Also, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and some other blood markers linked to inflammation and liver damage reduced more among those using tesamorelin, compared to the placebo group. The reduction was more significant for those who had high levels of these blood markers at the start of the study.

Treating HIV patients with tesamorelin

Type 2 diabetes and obesity increase the risk of people living with HIV also developing NAFLD. Yet, some medications that these patients take for treating HIV, including the virus itself, are linked to abdominal fat gain and, possibly, to fat buildup in the liver.

Tesamorelin, sold under the brand name Egrifta, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2010. It was intended for getting rid of excess fat in the abdominal region of HIV patients with lipodystrophy.

Based on their findings, the researchers proposed the use of the injectable drug for treating NAFLD in people living with HIV. No efficacious treatment is available for the condition yet.

“Because tesamorelin proved effective in treating abdominal fat build-up in the abdomens of people in the context of HIV and related medication use,” said Dr. Steven K. Grinspoon, M.D., a lead investigator in the study, “we hypothesized that the drug might also reduce fat that accrues in the liver and causes damage in a similar population.”

The researchers revealed that tesamorelin was well-tolerated by the subjects. They called for further research to establish if the injectable hormone could protect people who do not have HIV against severe liver disease.

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Acute dose of diabetes treatment can improve liver metabolism

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 In a major breakthrough, scientists have found out a way to improve liver metabolism in humans.

Experts claim that using an acute dose of an existing diabetes treatment could prove helpful for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

In a study, it was observed that a Type-2 diabetes treatment has "off-label" benefits for glucose control in the liver and in fatty cells known as adipose.

NAFLD is a condition in which fat builds up in the liver and in some cases this accumulation of fat can cause inflammation of the liver.

This eventually leads to permanent scarring (cirrhosis), which can seriously impair the liver's ability to function.

The study showed that exenatide -- a treatment that targets the pancreas to improve glucose absorption -- enhances glucose uptake and reduces insulin resistance in the liver and in adipose tissue.

"There has been much discussion around the benefit of using injectable diabetes treatments, such as exenatide, on other tissues than the pancreas to improve glucose control," said lead study author Amailia Gastaldelli from University of Texas Health Science Centre in the US.

"This is why we set out to evaluate the effects of exenatide on the liver and adipose tissue; to better understand the benefits this treatment could offer to a wider group of patients," Gastaldelli added.

"This interesting study shows promising findings for the many people around the world who suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease," said Tom Hemming Karlsen from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).

"The authors have succeeded in identifying an existing treatment that can improve liver metabolism, which is an important step forward for the hepatology community," Karlsen added.