Indian Scientist Invents 'Manovue' To Help Visually Impaired People Read Clearly

Most of us are privileged enough to be able to see through our eyes but there are others who are either partially or completely blind. In order to make it easier for the blind people to see, Braille was invented to aid them by Louis Braille in 1824. Braille is a tactile writing system used by people who are visually impaired. However, this system has considerable shortcomings in the 21st century like difficulty in language learning, unavailability and the high cost of braille books, in-availability of all books in braille.

In order to make things easier for blind people, a 23-year-old  realised the need of the hour and invented a piece of technology that is predicted to revolutionise reading methods for the visually impaired community. His product, Manovue, is a digital glove that can scan text in the wearer's surroundings, making the world more disability-friendly and accessible.

In an exclusive conversation with reporters, he gave a detailed insight into his invention ranging from its idea to turning into an affordable reality.

How it all began?
Getting blindfolded for 30 minutes in 2015 and the subsequent visit to a blind school paved the way for the researcher to realise how difficult was it for the blind people to live their life without any proper assistance. Braille was invented but less that 1% of the community is braille literate in India. "Sadly, it's been more than four thousand years after the advent of reading and writing but sadly less than one percent of the text is available in braille. Due to this, the community has very limited educational and job options. My team and I saw an urgent need to do change this scenario in-order to secure a better future", he said.

What is Manovue?

Manovue is the world's first intelligent wearable visual assistant. The word Manovue is derived from a combination of two words: Mano, Spanish word for Hand and Vue, French word for Vision. The user wears Manovue on its hand and simply points its finger towards any printed text and the device reads out aloud what's written over there. Manovue is an inexpensive technology that replaces the 200-year-old braille language and brings employability, employment and empowerment to the visually impaired community.

Who all can benefit from Manovue?

Manovue's technology can also benefit people who are illiterate or have dyslexia, second language learners, tourists in need of translation, young children learning their first language or even people recovering from brain trauma. Manovue can also provide distraction free reading and learning experience to the patients of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

The cost of the device and when can we expect to reach its target audience?

At present, the lowest end model is priced at $28 (Rs. 1,935 approx). "We're currently working on reducing the cost of this technology so as to make it affordable in the least income settings and help it reach the masses. We will mass produce the device once the cost is attained," he said. He added that the product should reach the consumers by 2020, if not sooner.

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Some Myths You Need to Stop Believing

1. Soap kills bacteria

Soap washes bacteria off, but it doesn't kill it. Does this mean you shouldn't wash your hands? Soap actually rids them of grease, which is a breeding ground for bacteria, so washing your hands is still a good idea. 

2. If you swallow a piece of gum, it will stay in your stomach for 7 years

Swallowing chewing gum is not ideal. It's viscous base is not susceptible to gastric juice and does not dissolve in it. Nevertheless, chewing gum is excreted from the body naturally through muscular contractions of the stomach. 

3. Shaving hair makes it thicker

Once the outer part of a hair has been cut, what remains is a blunt, non-conical end, which is what feels hard. 

4. Touching toads gives you warts

Warts are actually benign growths caused by the human papillomavirus. You can pick it up in public places or through contact with a sick person. 

5. Hair and nails grow after death

When a person dies, their skin becomes dehydrated and contracts, this creates the illusion of the growth of nails and hair.

6. Bats are blind

Bats do use echolocation to orient in space, however, they also use night vision under certain light. 

 7. Antibiotics kill viruses

Antibiotics deals with bacteria, killing them or stopping their reproduction. 

8. Sitting close to the TV worsens your eyesight

No evidence suggests that sitting close to and watching too much TV can cause eyestrain. 

 THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.
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Dead people's eyes may enable blind to see world

Researchers have suggested that cells taken from the donated eyes of dead people may be able to give sight to the blind.

Tests in rats showed that the human cells can restore some vision to completely blind rats.

The team said similar results in humans would improve quality of life, but would not give enough vision to read.

The team extracted a special kind of cell from the back of the eye. These Muller- glia cells - a type of adult cell - is capable of transforming into the specialised cells in the back of the eye and could be useful for treating a wide range of sight disorders.

In the lab, the cells were transformed into rod cells that detected light in the retina, and injecting the rods into the backs of the eyes of completely blind rats partially restored their vision.

Brain scans showed that 50 percent of the electrical signals between the eye and the brain made a recovery after the treatment.

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Diabetes Complications: Eye Problems and Blindness

How Diabetes Affects Your Eyes

Diabetes can increase your risk of eye problems. Your blood sugar (glucose) levels may be high because your body can't make or use insulin properly. Too much blood sugar can build up, damaging nerves and blood vessels in your body. When the damage happens in the blood vessels in your eyes, this can lead to vision loss or blindness. Anyone with diabetes is at risk, so it’s important to get routine eye exams.

Signs and Symptoms of Eye Damage
Diabetes can affect your eyes in different ways. When your blood sugars are high or when you start insulin treatment, you may experience blurry vision or other vision problems. But your eyes may be damaged even if you don’t notice any changes. Don’t wait for symptoms to arise to get your vision checked.

Diabetic Retinopathy
The retina senses light coming into your eye and sends messages to your brain about the things you see. When blood glucose builds up, the blood vessels inside the retina may be damaged -- this is called diabetic retinopathy. At first you may not notice any changes. But over time these blood vessels may develop fragile defects in the blood vessel walls, which can leak fluid. With advanced diabetes, fragile blood vessels grow throughout the retina. This can lead to severe vision loss and even blindness

Treatment -- Laser Surgery
Retinopathy can be detected during thorough eye exams. A special type of angiogram uses dye to find leaking blood vessels. Early stages of diabetic retinopathy often can be treated with laser surgery called photo-coagulation  The laser seals the blood vessels in order to stop them from leaking and growing. The procedure can't restore lost vision. Combined with follow up care, however, surgery can lower your chances of blindness by as much as 90%.


Treatment -- Vitrectomy
In advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy -- if the retina has detached or a lot of blood has leaked into your eye -- your doctor may suggest vitrectomy. This surgical treatment removes scar tissue, blood, and cloudy fluid from inside the eye. Vitrectomy can improve your vision, especially if it's done before the disease has progressed very far.


Diabetic Retinopathy Risk Factors
Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy include how well you control your blood sugar and blood pressure. Control of blood cholesterol may also help reduce the risks. Your chances of developing diabetic retinopathy increase the longer you have diabetes. Eventually, nearly everyone with diabetes will develop some degree of retinopathy.


Diabetic Retinopathy Prevention
You can help prevent eye problems by keeping your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol under control. A major study found that people with diabetes who managed their diabetes intensely had 1/4 the rate of diabetic retinopathy as those who followed standard diabetes treatment. It also helps to stop smoking. And it's very important to get an annual dilated eye exam to detect early signs of the disease.


Glaucoma and Diabetes
While anyone over 40 is at increased risk of glaucoma, people with diabetes are 40% more likely to develop it. Your chances increase the longer you have diabetes. Glaucoma may cause bright halos or colored rings around lights, but usually has no symptoms. Untreated, it can cause an increase in eye pressure that damages the optic nerve, resulting in vision loss and blindness. Glaucoma can be treated with drops to lower eye pressure, or laser or conventional surgery.


Cataracts and Diabetes
If you have diabetes, you're 60% more likely to develop cataracts -- and you're more likely to get them at a younger age than people without diabetes. Poor control of blood sugar can speed up this condition. With a cataract, the lens in the eye becomes cloudy, which blocks light and makes everything look hazy. Cataract surgery -- when the eye's natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens -- can help vision. Sometimes diabetic retinopathy can get worse after cataract surgery.


When to See Your Doctor

Blurry or hazy vision for more than 2 days
Spots, floaters, or shadows
Severe eye pain or pressure
Sudden vision loss in one or both eyes
Sense that a curtain is coming down over your eyes
Flashing lights, double vision, or blind spots
Waviness or distortion of straight lines