Premature Baby Needs Care and Lactation Support

According to WHO, every year about 15 million babies around the world are born prematurely (before 37 weeks of pregnancy). Mother’s milk is the only source that can provide optimal nutrition for the baby, especially at this stage. In cases of mother-infant separation such as in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU), breastfeeding may become a challenge.

Therefore, at this stage it is important for the mothers to follow a routine and keep certain things in mind while taking care of their preemie along with good support system to help them in their journey.

Available Lactational Support for Mothers & Key Criteria

Here are the list of available lactation support for mothers and some of the key criteria.

Antenatal Education

All expectant mothers/couples should be educated about breastfeeding during pregnancy. Research has shown that 2nd trimester is the best time for antenatal education as the mother is receptive to information. In case, there is impeding premature labour/birth, breastfeeding should be an important aspect of counseling.

Informed Decision

Standardised information for NICU mothers must be provided by the support team (doctors and nurses at the NICU) about the value of mother's milk specifying techniques to build an adequate milk supply. Providing consistent and timely information to NICU families not only helps them feel included in their baby's care but also enables them to make an informed decision and understand options available.

First Expression of Milk Post Delivery

Hospital protocols should outline expression within 1 hour of birth; regular trainings of the NICU staff and audits of performance must be carried out. Stimulating the breasts in the first hours via expression is important. This supports timely initiation and long-term milk production.

Frequent Expression of Milk

Hospital protocols must also outline expressing 8 or more times per 24 hours, including in the night; regular monitoring must still be performed. Frequent expression is critical to achieving adequate volumes. Double pumping every two to three hours is beneficial for this. Mothers should be taught and made to practice both manual and pump expression.

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Men too experience antenatal blues

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.






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 According to a recent study, antenatal depression affects men, too, revealing that a first baby is a reality check as dads suddenly find they are no longer the centre of attention.

The study reveals that an astonishing number of fathers, nearly 13%, experience depressive symptoms during their partner's pregnancy. Very little research has been done on male reactions to pregnancy and childbirth. Becoming a first-time father is many things — terrifying, joyful, nerve-racking, exciting — but disagreeing, it is not. Although most men eventually come to savour the fantasy of being a father, they also dimly anticipate the reality — and for a father, childbirth is the bonfire of the vanities.

As childbirth approaches, men have to face the fact that they are not as important as they thought they were; at least not in the way they thought they were. The arrival of a first baby from the point of view of the father is a massive shift, just as it is for the mother. Antenatal depression is rational enough and the solution is to keep reminding yourself that it can sometimes be hard to believe when you find yourself suddenly living on the fringes of your own life.

Secret of early puberty discovered

British scientists may have finally found an answer to the phenomenon of early puberty affecting modern day girls.

The University of Cambridge, in the largest study of its kind - involving more than 180,000 women and scientists from 166 institutions worldwide have found that the age at which girls reach sexual maturity is influenced by "imprinted" genes - a small sub-set of genes whose activity differs depending on which parent passes on that gene.

In a family, one parent may more profoundly affect puberty timing in their daughters than the other parent.

The researchers identified 123 genetic variations that were associated with the timing of when girls experienced their first menstrual cycle by analysing the DNA of 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies.

Six of these variants were found to be clustered within imprinted regions of the genome.

Lead author Dr John Perry at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge says "Normally, our inherited physical characteristics reflect a roughly average combination of our parents' genomes, but imprinted genes place unequal weight on the influence of either the mother's or the father's genes. Our findings imply that in a family, one parent may more profoundly affect puberty timing in their daughters than the other parent".

Now, girls in India are reaching puberty, two years earlier. The age of attaining sexual maturity among a girl, when she changes physically, hormonally and sexually has dipped, especially in urban India, to 10 years from 12-13 earlier. Scientists now say that the age of 18 years clearly no longer signifies adulthood. The the earlier onset of puberty has increased the window of risk associated with adolescence.

The activity of imprinted genes differs depending on which parent the gene is inherited from - some genes are only active when inherited from the mother, others are only active when inherited from the father. Both types of imprinted genes were identified as determining puberty timing in girls, indicating a possible biological conflict between the parents over their child's rate of development. Further evidence for the parental imbalance in inheritance patterns was obtained by analyzing the association between these imprinted genes and timing of puberty in a study of over 35,000 women in Iceland, for whom detailed information on their family trees were available. This is the first time that it has been shown that imprinted genes can control rate of development after birth.

Dr Perry says "We knew that some imprinted genes control antenatal growth and development - but there is increasing interest in the possibility that imprinted genes may also control childhood maturation and later life outcomes, including disease risks."

Senior author and pediatrician Dr Ken Ong at the MRC Epidemiology Unit says "There is a remarkably wide diversity in puberty timing - some girls start at age 8 and others at 13. While lifestyle factors such as nutrition and physical activity do play a role, our findings reveal a wide and complex network of genetic factors. We are studying these factors to understand how early puberty in girls is linked to higher risks of developing diabetes, heart disease and breast cancer in later life - and to hopefully one day break this link."

Dr Anna Murray, a co-author from the University of Exeter Medical School, adds "We found that there are hundreds of genes involved in puberty timing, including 29 involved in the production and functioning of hormones, which has increased our knowledge of the biological processes that are involved, in both girls and boys."  THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.

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