Causes Of Tingling Sensations In the Back

We often underestimate a sensation of tingling or numbness in the back and dismiss it as our back simply “falling asleep” much like our hands or legs often do, but these symptoms may indicate a bigger problem. An unexplained, new or persistent occurrence of pins and needles sensations, also called paresthesia, in the back can be caused by nerve damage.

Many equally serious conditions ranging from spinal injuries to tumors can cause paresthesia in the back, and all of these conditions require medical attention, so if you experience persistent tingling and numbness in your back along with some of the other symptoms we will list, it definitely warrants a doctors visit. You can read about the 7 most common conditions that cause tingling in the back below.

1. Spinal infections

Several strands of bacteria or fungi can sometimes penetrate the spinal column, causing inflammation and damaging your nerves, which can cause tingling in the back. These infections can occur as a complication of surgery and injury, or they develop spontaneously.

People who are at risk of developing spinal infections are those who suffer from chronic conditions like diabetes, HIV, cancer, obesity and those who are taking immunosuppressants. The symptoms can vary from hardly noticeable to debilitating depending on the severity of the condition, but they do tend to worsen with time.

The most common symptoms of spinal infections include:

• A stiff and painful back
• Numbness or tingling in the back, but can also occur in the limbs
• Fever, chills, and headaches
• The skin in the affected area can be hot, tender to the touch and red
• Spasms and muscle weakness.

2. Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition the causes of which are still unknown, but scientists today have begun to understand that there is both a biological and psychological aspect to it. The condition is more common in women than it is in men, and it can manifest itself very differently.

Most patients suffering from fibromyalgia have specific tender points around the different joints in the body that are tender to the touch and often become very painful. Some patients also experience tingling and numbness in different parts of the body.

Other biological and psychological symptoms of fibromyalgia include:

• Headaches
• Fatigue and trouble falling asleep
• Depression and anxiety
• Brain fog and difficulty concentrating.

3. Arteriovenous malformations

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormally shaped or tangled blood vessel. These tangled blood vessels develop while a baby is still in their mother’s womb, but scientists aren’t sure why they occur.

AVMs can develop in any part of the body, but they are typically found when they occur in the brain or spinal cord because, in these cases, they can cause severe symptoms. The main problem with these malformations is that it can block or otherwise affect blood flow to certain body parts and nerves in particular.

Depending on the location, AVMs can cause the following symptoms:

• Tingling, numbness and back pain
• Headaches and dizziness
• Seizures
• Vision problems
• Memory loss or confusion
• Speech problems
• Loss of coordination.

 4. Spondylolisthesis 

Our spines are complicated and fragile systems, and one weak or misplaced link can disrupt the entire system. In spondylolisthesis, one of the vertebrae in the spine, typically in the lower back slips out of its place, and sometimes, this misplacement can press on a nerve, causing tingling and pain in the affected area.

This pain and tingling can even radiate to the thighs and worsen with physical activity. Sitting and leaning forward can usually relieve the pain. The compressed nerve can manifest itself through other symptoms as well, such as:

• A stiff back
• Weakness in the legs
• Difficulty walking and standing for extended periods of time.

5. Spinal fractures

Fractured vertebrae, too, can cause numbness and tingling in the back. Like any other fractures, spinal fractures are usually the result of trauma and injury, but people with weakened bones and the elderly can get these fractures more easily.

The majority of spinal fractures happen in the lower or middle parts of the back, and they can be very painful and make it difficult to stay active, as movement usually worsens the pain. When the fracture causes severe nerve damage, these fractures can make it difficult for the patient to move their legs or even control their bladder and bowel movements.

6. Spinal cord tumor

Both malignant and benign tumors in or near the spine can cause a pins and needles sensation in the back. Benign tumors can press on the spinal cord, whereas malignant tumors can also invade the surrounding tissue, both of which can affect the nerves. The symptoms and their severity depend on the location of the tumor, as well as its size, but the most common symptoms include:

• Back pain
• Numbness and paresthesia in the back, neck or limbs
• Weakness and poor coordination in the limbs
• Insensitivity to temperature or pain
• Incontinence.

7. Shingles

Shingles is an itchy and painful rash that can develop on any area of the skin, typically on the back or neck. The rash develops into painful blisters filled with liquid that eventually turn into scabs and clear up in a month. Both shingles and chickenpox are caused by the same virus, and a person can get shingles only if they had chickenpox because the varicella zoster virus stays dormant in the body all your lifetime.

Unlike chickenpox, however, it is possible to get shingles more than once and the severity of the symptoms can vary each time. Before a rash appears, some patients experience itching, tingling and burning sensations in the area. Like any other viral infection, shingles can come with headaches, fever, chills and an upset stomach.

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SOME CAUSES OF BACK PAIN

Back pain could be due to various reasons-
1) Muscle spasms- If you've hurt the tissues or muscles around the spine, it will go into spasm to protect the area. It will flax and stay that way, until the muscles relaxes. Spasms can also be caused due to slipped discs or injuries to the spinal tissues.
Treatment- depending on age, rest and at times over the counter pain relievers may help. At times, rubbing the area with some pain relieving ointment may help. When all these don't help, the physician may prescribe some muscle relaxing medication. If nothing helps and the problem is more severe, you may need more tests and may be surgery, if it is a disk problem.

 2) Kidney stones- these are tiny hard stones which at times can get lodged in ureter , then it can cause severe pain in your lower back, lower abdomen and sides.
Treatment- at times, smaller kidney stones may come out when you drink plenty of water. One can also drink juice of banana stem, by crushing a cup of stem finely chopped with water, strain and drink it at least once a day. By doing so, normally smaller stones may pass out on its own without causing much pain. If the stones are bigger and at times get lodged in some odd place, then one may need "Lithotripsy", to break the stones or may need surgery if that doesn't work.

3) Herniated disk- the disk are soft cushions between each vertebrae.They’re kind of like little jelly-filled doughnuts that sit between each bone. Sometimes they crack and the “jelly” oozes out. If it pushes on your spinal cord or nerves, it can cause back pain that can spread to your legs or arms.
Treatment- if the pain is mild, then rest is advised for some days. If the pain is more, then may be some pain-killer tablets and physical therapy to strengthen and stretch your lower back is tried. If this also doesn't help and the pain persists for some months, then surgery is advised.

4) Arthritis- it is inflammation, stiffness and pain in your joints. A type of spinal arthritis called, spondyloarthropathies, that affect your lower back. It carries more of your body's weight.
Treatment- The Dr. will mostly prescribe rest and anti-inflammatory tablets and some pain killer tablets.If that doesn't help, the Dr. may prescribe steroids, to ease pain and inflammation. But always remember to tell the doctor of the various medications you're already taking.

5) Spinal stenosis- When the spaces in your spinal column narrows, it can put pressure on your spinal cord and the nerves that run from your spine to your arms and legs. That can cause numbness and make it hard for you to move around. Arthritis, tumors, and certain inherited diseases can cause it, and it’s more common after age 50.
 Treatment- Most people will need rest, physical therapy and some strength medication along with pain reliever. But if all these don't help, then surgery may be suggested to relieve the pressure on the spine.

6) Spinal infection- This is a more serious and rare condition that happens when bacteria, a virus, or fungus infects the fluid around your spine or the bones or soft tissues that make up your spinal column. It usually happens after spinal surgery or an accident or injury to your spine.
TREATMENT-you may be given intravenously medicine to fight the infection and may need to be hospitalised for a few days with bed rest. If this also doesn't help, then surgery may be advised.

7)Spondylolisthesis- this happens when one of the vertebrae slips out of place and onto the one below it.  This may put more pressure on that nerve, making it hurt. This normally happens in lower back.

Treatment-Rest, exercise, and medication -- mostly over-the-counter drugs that help with pain and inflammation -- are the most common treatments for this. Your doctor also may suggest physical therapy, or possibly surgery in more severe cases.

 this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.
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