Paleo diet could increase risk of heart diseases

According to the world's 1st major study examining the impact of the diet on gut bacteria. People who follow the paleo diet have twice the amount of a key blood biomarker linked closely to heart disease. High levels of biomarker, TMAO, an organic compound produced in the gut, are associated with an increased risk of heart disease, which kills one Australian every 12 minutes.

Researcher compared 44 people on the diet with 47 following a traditional Australian diet and measured the amount of timethylamine-n-oxide(TMAO) in participants' blood.

Impact on gut
The controversial Paleo ( or caveman) diet advocates eating meat, vegetables, nuts and limited fruit ans excludes grains, legumes, dairy, salt, refined sugar and processed oils.

Lead researcher said that the diet's growing popularity, it was important to understand the impact it could have on overall health.

Many Paleo diet proponents claim the diet is beneficial to gut health, but this research suggests that when it comes to the production of TMAO in the gut, the Paleo diet could be having an adverse impact in terms of heart health, she said.

We also found that populations of beneficial bacterial species were lower in the Paleolithic groups, associated with the reduced carbohydrate intake, which may have consequences for other chronic diseases over the long term.

Reduced intake of grains to blame

She said the reason TMAO was so elevated in people on the paleo diet appeared to be the lack of whole grains in their diet.

We found the lack of whole grains were associated with TMAO levels, which may provide a link between the reduced risks of cardiovascular disease we see in populations with high intakes of whole grains, she said.

The researchers also found higher concentrations of the bacteria that produces TMAO in the Paleo group.

The Paleo diet excludes all grain and we know that whole grains are a fantastic source of resistant starch and many other fermentable fibres that are vital to the health of your gut microbiome, the Dr. said.

Because TMAO is produced in the gut, a lack of whole grains might change the populations of bacteria enough to enable higher production of this compound.

Additionally, the Paleo diet includes greater servings per day of red meat, which provides the precursor compounds to produce TMAO, and Paleo followers consumed twice the recommended level of saturated fats, which is cause for concern.

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Read more at Speciality Medical Dialogues: Paleo diet may increase risk of Heart disease: European Journal of Nutrition https://speciality.medicaldialogues.in/paleo-diet-may-increase-risk-of-heart-disease-european-journal-of-nutrition/

Read more at Speciality Medical Dialogues: Paleo diet may increase risk of Heart disease: European Journal of Nutrition https://speciality.medicaldialogues.in/paleo-diet-may-increase-risk-of-heart-disease-european-journal-of-nutrition/

Red meat may increase levels of chemical linked with heart disease

New research has found that eating a diet high in red meat could increase levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a chemical generated in the gut and linked to a higher risk of heart disease.

Carried out by researchers at Cleveland Clinic and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), the small-scale study looked at 113 healthy men and women to see whether different sources of dietary protein -- red meat, white meat, or non-meat sources -- had different effects on TMAO production. 

Participants followed each of the three diets for one month, with the red meat diet including roughly the equivalent of about 8 ounces of steak daily, or two quarter-pound beef patties, daily. The findings, showed that participants who ate a diet rich in red meat had triple the TMAO levels of those who eat a diet rich in either white meat or mostly plant-based proteins.

However, the good news is that the effect was reversible, with the researchers finding that removing red meat from the diet and switching to either a white meat or non-meat diet for another month significantly lowered the TMAO levels.

TMAO is formed by gut bacteria during digestion and comes partly from nutrients that which are found in red meat.

Although the high level of saturated fat in red meat is known to contribute to heart disease, which is the leading cause of death in the United States, a number of new studies now suggest that TMAO may also increase the risk of the condition. 
 
"This study shows for the first time what a dramatic effect changing your diet has on levels of TMAO, which is increasingly linked to heart disease," said senior author. "It suggests that you can lower your heart disease risk by lowering TMAO."
 
"These findings reinforce current dietary recommendations that encourage all ages to follow a heart-healthy eating plan that limits red meat," added study author. "This means eating a variety of foods, including more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy foods, and plant-based protein sources such as beans and peas."

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