New method can quickly identify bacteria that cause infections in hospital patients

The identification of the bacteria can be carried out in almost any hospital analysis laboratory.

In near future, identifying the bacterial species responsible for infections developing in hospital patients will take just a few minutes, thanks to the scientists who developed such an analytical procedure.

Developed by researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, the main role is played by innovative bio-conjugates — luminescent, magnetic micro-particles coated with appropriately selected bacteriophages.

The detection device used in the new technique for identifying bacteria is a flow cytometer.

“Measurement in the cytometer typically takes about a minute. The result is a graph on which we see how all the bio-conjugates scatter the incident light and emit the fluorescence. Since we know the signal, we should obtain from pure bio-conjugates, and can easily determine whether the sample contains the bacteria we are looking for, and if so, in what concentration,” the researchers noted in a paper published in the journal Bio-conjugate Chemistry.

According to researchers, the identification of the bacteria can be carried out in almost any hospital analysis laboratory and the waiting time for the result is reduced to minutes.

It is important to determine the species of the bacteria ravaging the body of a patient to make treatment successful.

“Faster, better, cheaper — we managed to achieve all of these objectives. This can be seen by any interested party as, in full awareness, we relinquished patent protection,” said Jan Paczesny from the Polish National Science Centre. 

Hospital acquired infections are defined as infections that affect the patient within 2 days of hospital admission or 3 days after discharge. This type of infection is also commonly observed after surgery, which usually occurs within a month of an operation. This is because hospitals are actually hotbeds for a wide range of viruses and bacteria and hence, the possibility of spreading the infection from one person to another is quite high.

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'Magnetic' bacteria in food can diagnose stomach cancer

Imagine 'magnetic' bacteria that as a part of your food, can help diagnose digestive diseases like stomach cancer.
 
Scientists from University of Granada in Spain have successfully incorporated magnetic particles into probiotic bacteria like those found in many foodstuffs.

These magnetic bacteria, after ingestion, help diagnose diseases of the digestive system like stomach cancer.

To design these magnetic bacteria, the researchers tried to copy 'magnetobacteria' that naturally produce very limited numbers of internal magnets.

 This essentially provides them with a means of orienting themselves as if they possessed an internal compass.

“These artificial magnetic bacteria could have biomedical applications in magnetic resonance imaging - to facilitate diagnosis - or in heating malign cells through magnetic hypothermia and, thus, curing diseases like cancer,” researchers noted.

The researchers - members of Bionanomet, the Metallic Bionanoparticle research group of the Department of Inorganic Chemistry and the Institute of Biotechnology of the University of Granada - have conducted this research in collaboration with BIOSEARCH SA, a private company.

This new technology will facilitate the use of these probiotic bacteria, common in food, to diagnose and treat tumours and as an edible iron supplement, said the report published in the journal Advanced Functional Materials.

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