Wednesday, January 01, 2020

Individualised physical therapy after prostate surgery can reduce incontinence, pain

A new study has revealed that individualised physical therapy can help in reduction of incontinence and pain in men who have undergone prostate surgery.

Researchers conducted the study by examining records from the post-prostatectomy patients having stress urinary incontinence which means loss of control over the bladder during activities like bending over, sneezing, etc, who have been through physical therapy between 2009 and 2014.

Researchers reviewed records of 136 patients of which 25 had only weak pelvic floor muscles and 13 had tight or overactive muscles and a total of 98 had both.

According to the researchers, tense muscles can be a protective mechanism after an injury from surgery. Part or all of the prostate surrounding the urethra is removed in a prostatectomy, usually because of cancer.

But the study's findings are counter to the prevailing idea, which is that these men must have very weak muscles, said a Dr.

This is perhaps the 1st study to look at the type of muscle dysfunction present in men after they've had this surgery. Are the muscles actually weak and need to be strengthened or are they actually tight and just need to be relaxed and lengthened added the researcher.

According to the researchers, these findings should encourage others to launch studies to test individualised physical therapy.

If patients can get stronger by relaxing their muscles, then there's more work to be done to figure out the best way to treat these patients, the Dr. said.

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Friday, April 05, 2019

New method better predicts tumour growth rate in 12 cancers

In a new research, scientists have come up with a new formula that predicts tumour growth rate more accurately, a crucial statistic used to schedule screenings and set dosing regimens in cancer treatment.

The mathematical method successfully estimated the doubling time, the amount of time for a tumour to double in size, for 12 types of cancer, ranging from breast and prostate cancers to melanoma.

"This novel method allows clinicians and drug development scientists to use routinely-generated clinical data to infer doubling times of solid tumours. This parameter can be used to design individualised dosing regimens and develop reliable models for anticancer therapeutics," said the Dr.


Tumour doubling time can significantly affect the outcome of anticancer therapy, but the rate is challenging to determine. Current methods calculate doubling time by measuring the size of a tumour at two points in time and assuming cancer will grow at an exponential rate.

However, most doubling times calculated using this method are overestimated, and tiny changes in tumour size can make determining growth rates difficult.

The error impacts the ability of clinicians to schedule optimal follow-up screenings, set effective dosing regimens, and determine whether surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy  is the best form of treatment.
 

The researchers instead base their method on data extracted from progression-free survival  plots - the length of time during and after treatment that cancer does not grow or spread.

Progression-free survival plots explained the Dr., inherently contain information that could help identify tumour growth rates.

The investigators examined data from 47 clinical trials that reported plots for any of 12 cancer types: melanoma; pancreatic, lung, prostate, gastric, colorectal and three forms of breast cancer; hepatocellular (liver) and renal cell (kidney) carcinoma; and glioblastoma multiforme (brain).

The cancer growth rates predicted by the researchers using progression-free survival plots were within close range to the reported actual tumour doubling times. 


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Thursday, April 04, 2019

Artificial Intelligence can help treat brain tumours

Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-based (AI) method for analysis of brain tumours, paving the way for individualised treatment of tumours.

According to the study, AI machine learning methods, carefully trained on standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are more reliable and precise than established radiological methods in the treatment of gliomas.

Glioma, a type of tumour that occurs in the brain and spinal cord, is common and most malignant of brain tumours in adults.

“With this study, we were able to demonstrate the potential of artificial neural networks in radiological diagnostics,” said a researcher.
 
For the study, the team included 500 brain tumour patients. Using a reference database with MRI scans of patients, the algorithms automatically recognised and localised brain tumours using artificial neural networks.

The algorithms were also enabled to volumetrically measure the individual areas (contrast medium-absorbing tumour portion, peritumoral edema).

“We want to advance the technology for automated high-throughput analysis of medical image data and transfer it not only to brain tumours but also to other diseases like brain metastases or multiple sclerosis,” said a researcher.

Glioma tumours often cannot be completely removed by surgery. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy are only effective to a limited extent because tumours are highly resistant. Therefore, new and precisely validated treatment approaches are urgently needed, the team noted.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                         FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                  https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/           

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