SalivaDirect: A Cheaper Technique for COVID-19 Testing

Widespread and rapid testing to detect coronavirus infections is key during the ongoing pandemic. Catching an infection early could help contain the spread of the virus and thus help save lives. Countries around the world have been frustrated over testing shortages and delays for months now. But a new saliva-based test for COVID-19 could offer a fast and inexpensive solution to millions of people.

This laboratory diagnostic test has been developed by researchers at the Yale School of Public Health and has been granted authorization from the Food and Drug Administration recently. 

 

In a recent paper, published on August 4 on the preprint server medRxiv, a team led by Yale postdoc Chantal Vogels explained the new tool called 'SalivaDirect'. Another team, comprising of many of the same researchers, had earlier this year detailed that saliva could be collected in any sterile container and that it remained mostly stable, without the need for special tubes or preservatives. 

 

“This is a huge step forward to make testing more accessible,” said Chantal Vogels, a Yale postdoctoral fellow, who led the laboratory development and validation along with Doug Brackney, an adjunct assistant clinical professor. “This started off as an idea in our lab soon after we found saliva to be a promising sample type of the detection of SARS-CoV-2, and now it has the potential to be used on a large scale to help protect public health. We are delighted to make this contribution to the fight against coronavirus.”

How useful is SalivaDirect? 

Until now, detecting the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 involved the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test. This “RT-PCR” test is conducted by collecting a sample from the back of a person's nose or mouth. While effective, the nasopharyngeal swabbing is unpleasant and isn’t cheap either. However, it was chosen as the preferred sampling technique because of its effectiveness in detecting respiratory infections over the years. 

 

Unfortunately, there’s a limit to the amount of COVID-19 testing that can be conducted through this method. This is where the new saliva-based test could be a game-changer as it promises to be quicker, cheaper, more flexible, and widely accessible. With saliva being quick and easy to collect, this test could indeed be a turning point in COVID-19 diagnostics.

 

So far, the results have shown that SalivaDirect is highly sensitive and produces similar results as nasopharyngeal swabbing. Now, further tests are being conducted to see if the method can be successful as a test for asymptomatic individuals, too. Also, compared to nasopharyngeal swabs, the authors found a “high agreement” of more than 94 percent in detecting true positives between the two methods.

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The 18 Best Healthy Foods to Buy in Bulk (And the Worst)

Buying food in large quantities, also known as bulk shopping, is an excellent way to fill your pantry and fridge while cutting down on food costs.

Certain items are heavily discounted when purchased in bulk, making it an economical habit that can save you a lot of money.

While some foods make ideal choices for bulk shopping due to their long shelf lives or freezability, more perishable foods should be bought in smaller quantities to avoid spoilage.

Here are the 18 best healthy foods to buy in bulk — and some of the worst.
1. Dried Beans and Lentils

Dried beans and lentils are one of the most shelf-stable foods.

The term “shelf-stable” refers to foods that can be stored at room temperature for an extended period before going bad.

Though storing beans and lentils may lead to degradation of certain nutrients over time, some studies have shown that some beans remain edible for 10 or more years .

Beans and lentils are high in fiber, antioxidants, vitamins and minerals, making them a healthy bulk shopping choice.

What’s more, they can be added to a wide variety of dishes, such as soups, curries, stews and salads.

2. Frozen Berries

Though delicious and nutritious, fresh berries can be expensive and highly perishable.

Thankfully, frozen berries are similar in nutritional value to fresh berries and can be purchased in bulk at lower prices .

Harvesting then quickly freezing berries prolongs shelf life and maintains the nutritional content of fresh berries .

According to the USDA, frozen fruit like berries can be safely stored in the freezer for up to six months .

Adding berries to your diet can benefit health in many ways, including lowering your risk of heart disease, certain cancers, diabetes and mental decline .

3. Frozen Meat and Poultry

Because fresh meat and poultry spoil quickly when stored in the refrigerator, freezing them is an excellent way to avoid food waste.

According to the USDA FoodKeeper app, frozen meat like steak can last in the freezer for up to 12 months while chicken breast can last up to nine months.

Freezing protein sources immediately after purchase can extend usability so that you don’t have to run to the store every time you need meat or poultry for a recipe.

4. Frozen Vegetables

Like fresh berries and other types of fruit, fresh vegetables tend to spoil quickly, even when properly stored.

For this reason, stocking up on frozen vegetables like spinach, broccoli and butternut squash is a good idea, as most can be stored in the freezer for up to eight months.

Vegetables are packed with nutrients, which is why diets that include both fresh and frozen vegetables have been linked to numerous health benefits.

For example, people who have higher vegetable intake have a lower risk of chronic conditions like heart disease and diabetes than those who consume small amounts of vegetables .

5. Honey

Although honey is often thought to stay edible indefinitely, some factors can impact its quality and decrease its shelf life.

Storage conditions, including heat and humidity, can affect the aroma, texture and flavor of honey, making its shelf life hard to determine .

Because there is no way to define an expiration date for all types of honey due to differences in storage, the National Honey Board recommends storing honey for up to two years.

This is still an amazingly long shelf life, making honey the perfect item to buy in bulk.

6. Oats

Not only are oats a versatile and healthy grain, but they also happen to have a lengthy shelf life.

The FoodKeeper app states that fresh oats can be stored for up to four months in the pantry.

Freezing oats in airtight containers can further extend their shelf life, tacking on another four months to their expiration date.

Oats are high in B vitamins, magnesium and zinc, as well as a particular type of fiber called beta-glucan, which may help lower cholesterol, reduce blood sugar levels and increase feelings of fullness. 

7. Dried Fruits

Dried fruit is highly nutritious and contains an impressive amount of fiber, vitamins and minerals .

What’s more, it’s a healthy pantry item that has a much longer shelf life than fresh fruit.

Dried fruits like mangoes, cranberries and apricots can be stored for up to six months. After opening, storing them in the refrigerator will allow them to last another six months.

Keep in mind that dried fruit is higher in calories and sugar than fresh fruit and should be eaten in small amounts. Choose unsweetened dried fruit whenever possible to limit added sugar intake.

8. Nuts in the Shell

Nuts in the shell last much longer than shelled nuts, making them a great choice for long-term storage.

In most cases, purchasing nuts in the shell extends their shelf life.

For example, almonds in the shell will keep for up to six months when stored at 68℉ (20℃), while shelled almonds only last four months when stored at the same temperature .

Purchase nuts like almonds, walnuts, peanuts and pecans in the shell and crack them with a nutcracker as needed.

An extra benefit of nuts in the shell is that it takes more time and effort to prepare them than shelled nuts, which may slow eating and lead to a reduction in calorie intake.

9. Certain Whole Grains

Certain whole grains such as farro, spelt, wild rice, quinoa and amaranth have surprisingly long shelf lives.

For instance, according to the FoodKeeper app, uncooked quinoa can last for up to three years when stored correctly in a pantry.

Whole grains make excellent additions to any meal, providing a hearty source of fiber, vitamins, antioxidants and powerful plant compounds that all benefit health .

Another reason to stock up on whole grains is that they are among the most versatile of all ingredients and can be added to breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks.

10. Popcorn

Whole popcorn can be purchased in bulk and stored for up to two years at room temperature.

Unlike packaged instant popcorn that contains unhealthy ingredients like harmful additives and unhealthy fats, whole popcorn is entirely natural.

Not to mention, preparing your own popcorn is fun and allows you to control the ingredients you consume.

Plus, popcorn is high in fiber, phosphorus, manganese, zinc and polyphenol antioxidants, making it a healthy snack when consumed in moderation .

11. Dried Pasta

Unlike fresh pasta, which needs to be cooked within a few days, dried pasta can be stored for up to two years.

Whole wheat pasta makes a better choice than refined white pasta since it is lower in calories and higher in certain nutrients, including fiber, manganese and magnesium.

For those who can’t tolerate the gluten found in wheat-based pasta, brown rice pasta and pasta made from gluten-free grains are healthy alternatives with similar shelf lives.

Different types of pasta can be found in the bulk section of grocery stores and are typically offered at discounted rates.

12. Coconut Oil

Many fats can’t be stored long-term due to the risk of oxidation, which can lead to spoilage.

However, coconut oil has a much longer shelf life and is more resistant to oxidation than other vegetable oils .

Plus, unrefined virgin coconut oil contains powerful antioxidants that are thought to help protect the oil from spoilage.

Storage times can vary depending on temperature and light exposure, but the FoodKeeper app suggests that coconut oil stored in a cool, dark place should last up to three years.

Coconut oil can be used in cooking, baking and skin care.

13. Chia Seeds

Chia seeds are often referred to as a superfood due to their impressive concentration of omega-3 fats, fiber, magnesium, calcium and antioxidants (20).

While chia seeds are nutritious, they also tend to be expensive.

Thankfully, chia seeds purchased in bulk are usually lower in price than chia seeds bought in smaller quantities.

What’s more, chia seeds have a long shelf life of around 18 months when stored in a cool, dark location.

14. Peanut Butter

With its creamy texture and satisfying taste, peanut butter is a staple item in most people’s pantries.

Buying peanut butter in large jars is more economical since bulk peanut butter is sold at a discounted rate.

Peanut butter is an excellent source of plant-based protein, healthy fats, vitamins and minerals and can be used in many ways .

Natural peanut butter is healthier than processed brands that contain added sugar and hydrogenated oils.

Keep unopened natural peanut butter in the fridge to keep it fresh for up to 12 months. After opening, expect your peanut butter to last about three to four months in the refrigerator.

15. Greens Powders

Getting in enough greens can be a challenge for some people.

What’s more, fresh greens need to be used within a few days before they start to degrade.

Greens powders are nutritional supplements made from dried, pulverized greens like kale, spinach and wheat-grass.

Not only are greens powders highly nutritious, but most brands will also stay fresh in the refrigerator or freezer after opening for up to two years.

Buying greens powder in bulk sizes will ensure that you have a long-lasting supply of this healthy product to add to smoothies, yogurt and other recipes.

16. Protein Powders

High-quality protein powders can be costly.

However, most companies offer larger containers of various protein powders at cheaper price points.

Since most people who use protein powder do so on a regular basis, buying large amounts at a lower cost is a smart way to save money.

Some of the most popular protein powders, including whey and pea protein, typically expire around 8–18 months after purchase.

17. Apple Cider Vinegar

Apple cider vinegar is a multipurpose ingredient that can be used both in food and as a natural cleaning agent.

Because of its versatility, apple cider vinegar can be used up quickly, especially by those who rely on it as a cleaning agent.

Thankfully, apple cider vinegar is sold in large containers that can last up to five years when stored at room temperature .

What’s more, apple cider vinegar has antibacterial properties and has even been shown to reduce blood sugar and promote weight loss .

18. Nutritional Yeast

Nutritional yeast packs a powerful dose of nutrients and is especially popular with those following plant-based diets.

Nutritional yeast is an excellent source of vitamin B12, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folate, magnesium, zinc and protein .

It has a savory, cheese-like flavor and can be added to dishes for a nutrient boost.

Nutritional yeast can be purchased in bulk at lower prices than smaller containers and has a shelf life of up to two years.

Worst Foods to Purchase in Bulk

It’s a smart choice to purchase some foods in large quantities to save money. However, the following foods are more perishable and should only be purchased in small amounts.
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

If you regularly buy fresh produce, chances are you’ve found a rotten veggie or fruit in your fridge that hadn't been used in time.

While there are exceptions, many fresh fruits and vegetables, such as berries, zucchini and greens, have a shelf life of less than a week before they begin to rot.

When buying fresh fruits and vegetables, only purchase what you know you will use within the coming week to avoid food waste.

Oils

While saturated oils like coconut oil and palm oil store well, other oils should not be purchased in bulk.

Vegetable oils that contain high amounts of polyunsaturated fats like safflower, soybean and sunflower oils are more susceptible to oxidation, especially when stored in clear glass or plastic containers.

Oils high in polyunsaturated fats should only be purchased in small quantities and stored in cool, dark locations to prevent oxidation.

Eggs

Large discount stores often sell eggs in bulk at discounted prices.

If you have a large family that eats eggs daily, then buying in bulk may be economical.

However, those who rarely eat eggs and those with small households may not be able to finish a few dozen eggs before their expiration date of three to five weeks .

Flour

To avoid spoilage, white, whole-wheat and nut-based flours should not be purchased in bulk.

Whole-wheat flour has a shelf life of as little as three months, while white flour can start to spoil after six months.

Certain nut-based flours are even more susceptible to spoilage and should be stored in the refrigerator or freezer.

Spices

Because spices are used in small amounts, it’s best to avoid buying bulk containers.

Spices can lose their potency over time and should be replaced as often as every 6–12 months for optimal flavor.

Prepared Foods

Don’t be tempted to stock up on your favorite prepared foods when on sale unless you plan on eating the items quickly.

Dishes like egg salad, chicken salad and cooked pasta only last a few days in the fridge.

What’s more, eating prepared foods past their expiration date can put you in danger of foodborne illness .

 Summary
While it makes sense to buy some items in bulk, foods like oils, eggs, fresh produce, flour, spices and prepared food should only be bought in small quantities.

The Bottom Line

Many healthy foods can be purchased in bulk at discounted prices.

Dried beans, oats, frozen poultry, peanut butter and frozen fruits and vegetables are some examples of nutritious items that have long shelf lives.

These foods can be stored in the pantry, freezer or fridge for many months, which is why purchasing them in bulk is a smart choice.

However, buying perishable products like fresh produce and eggs should be avoided to cut back on food waste and avoid consuming spoiled foods.

Stock up on nutritious, non-perishable bulk items to ensure that you always have ingredients available to make healthy, delicious meals and snacks. 

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.     

https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com. one can see my crochet creations  
https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes    
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Study Finds Vinegar Kills Germs Just as Well or Better Than Some Commercial Cleaners

We are sorry to inform you that you have wasted all that money on so many different household cleaners, while you’ll only need two things to clean the entire house: vinegar and baking soda.

They can be used separately, together, or mixed with other natural products, and they will always be the healthiest and less toxic way to clean the home.

Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate, is a mild alkali that cleans and deodorizes, while vinegar is an acid that is an effective alternative to popular cleaners, including bleach. It also deodorizes and removes rust, mold, and stains.

Here are five reasons why you should replace all those store-bought products and turn to baking soda and vinegar:

1. Non-Toxic
While commercial cleaners are full of cancer-causing, hormone-disrupting, DNA-mutating chemicals, these two are non-toxic. Baking soda is a simple, chemical compound of sodium and bicarbonate. It is also found in nature.
Distilled white vinegar is made from fermented grain, and is natural and non-toxic.

2. Vinegar Kills Germs
One study found that vinegar is just as effective as, or even better than, 6 top commercial disinfectants at a microbial reduction. Moreover, vinegar effectively kills flu viruses.

US researchers from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine discovered that vinegar efficiently killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis — the bacteria that causes tuberculosis — after 30 mins of exposure to a six percent acetic solution.

According to Professor Peter Collignon, an infectious diseases physician at the Australian National University’s medical school, “TB is a hard-to-kill bacteria, so the fact that it works against them means most other bacteria will likely be killed by vinegar as well.”

3. Clean Better
The combination of baking soda and vinegar can do wonders in the bathroom and kitchen. The abrasive of the baking soda gives extra scrubbing power, so you will easily clean all dirty surfaces and grease.

4. Environmentally Friendly
Commercial cleaners contain pollutants that are toxic to animals, contribute to smog, and reduce the quality of drinking water. On the other hand, vinegar and baking soda are the most green options for cleaning your home.

5. Cheaper
To clean the entire house for nearly forever, you will spend $10 for a 13.5-pound bag of baking soda, and $4 for a gallon of distilled white vinegar. Now compare this with the prices of commercial cleaners!

this is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.   
https://gscrochetdesigns.blogspot.com. one can see my crochet creations  
https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com. feel free to view for easy, simple and healthy recipes    
https://kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com. for info on knee replacement    

Sources:realfarmacy.com
www.aciscience.org
 

Fish skin cheaper, less painful in treating burns than bandages

Using fish skin to heal burns can be cheaper and less painful than bandages, says a scientist. Using the skin of Tilapia -- a freshwater fish -- on burns could be effective since it is rich in moisture and collagen proteins, a neurologist was quoted as saying.

Tilapia skin contains a type of collagen that is similar to the protein found in human skin. This is thought to interact with a patient's immune system to speed up healing. 

More than 300 patients worldwide have had the unusual therapy, which shows up as a fishy pattern even after it has been sterilised and the scales removed.

Although many patients can be reluctant to have fish skin wrapped around their burns, a growing number of children are actually arriving at hospital requesting the "bandage", the report said.

"The major concerns were whether the skins would subsequently come off, if the fish odour would remain," the Dr. was quoted as saying.

"With the passage of time and the success of the research, patients will arrive at the hospital wanting the treatment with the skin of the Tilapia. 

"In relation to children, the skin ends up being kind of playful, like: 'Gaining a skin and looking like a superhero'," the Dr. said.

Once sterilised, Tilapia skin undergoes radiation therapy to kill any lingering viruses. It can then be stored for up to two years if refrigerated, before simply being cut to size and placed over a burn instead of a bandage.

The skin is then removed after around one week, with no need for daily dressing changes, the report noted. 

Tilapia skin has been shown to be more resistant than the previously used pig skin, which enables it to withstand stretching.

Wounds may also close faster, with patients reporting less pain when treated with fish skin over the traditional silver sulfadiazine, according to various research. 

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