India gets its first 'weekly' injectible drug for Type 2 diabetes

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 Diabetes is one of the most haunting diseases to prevail in the world. In India, the number of patients suffering from the same is increasing day by day. Out of the two types of diabetes, it is believed that Type 2 diabetes occurs in 80% to 90% of the patients worldwide.

 Most of these patients on a daily basis have to inject insulin in order to keep their sugar levels under check, which proves to be more than a painful process for many patients.


Diabetes is also known to have a negative affect on kidneys where in patients are advised to undergo dialysis, which again is a painful, time consuming and money spending process. Eli Lilly and Company (India) Pvt. Ltd. announced today the launch of its recently approved diabetes treatment Trulicity (dulaglutide) in India. Trulicity is the first once-weekly, injectable medication designed to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Trulicity is part of a class of drugs known as a glucagon - like peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonists. It is not insulin and mimics the effects of GLP-1, a natural hormone that helps keep blood sugar levels normal, by helping the body release its own insulin after food intake. It comes in an easy to use, single-dose pen that does not require mixing or measuring and can be administered at any time of the day, independent of meals.

"Diabetes is a big burden on the healthcare system in India. Millions of Indians live with diabetes and have diverse needs", said Edgard Olaizola, Managing Director, Lilly India. He added, "Trulicity is an important addition to our diabetes portfolio in India and this launch is an important milestone in our journey to help a large number of patients and their caregivers.

India is among the first few countries in the world and only third in Asia (after UAE and Japan) to launch Trulicity. It received US FDA approval in September 2014 and EU approval in November 2014. However it must always be remembered that Trulicity is a prescription drug that should be taken only on prescription from a registered MD (Internal Medicine) and Endocrinologist.

Indian scientist develops potential non-insulin diabetes drugs

A young Indian scientist has developed a potential non-insulin drug candidate for diabetic patients that can help eliminate the risk of low-blood glucose shock in case of an insulin overdose.

Arnab De, a PhD in Microbiology and Immunology from Columbia University in New York, has developed the non-insulin drug candidate in collaboration with Richard Di Marchi of Indiana
University.

Patients use insulin to keep their sugar levels in check,an overdose of insulin can lead to low blood-glucose (hypoglycemia), which may cause diabetic-coma and be life-threatening. Insulin treatment has also been reported to cause weight-gain that may exacerbate a diabetic condition, De told PTI.

"We find that there is a peptide hormone in the gut called GLP1 that increases the secretion of insulin only when the blood glucose is high. This effectively eliminates the risk of hypoglycemic shock. Another advantage is that GLP1 administration has been found to stimulate weight-loss.The hormone offers the promise of revolutionizing the
treatment of Type II  diabetes and reduce obesity," he said. 

Regarding the clinical trial of the new drug, De said that GLP-1 has an extremely short half-life of two minutes and this instability has impeded its effective use in patients. As per a study published in the journal Peptide Science, De and Di Marchi "envisioned a prodrug of GLP as a means to extend the duration of action" and their research resulted in several range of options for prolonging peptide action to once-a-day and once-a-week formulations.

"Needless to say, this will be very helpful for patients as we might have a formulation that needs to be taken only once a week as opposed to after every meal" De said. Subho Mozumdar, faculty member ,University of Delhi said that the development of a GLP-1 based pro-drug represents a patient-friendly, diabetic therapeutic. "It is a remarkable breakthrough which might also help to defend against obesity and  perhaps against Alzheimer's disease too. There is a huge market for such a therapeutic in India given the growing number of patients," said Mozumdar.

As per estimates by The International Diabetes Federation, around one in five individuals suffer from some form of obesity.These individuals are three times more prone to heart
attacks or stroke and five times more likely to develop adult-onset of diabetes vis-a-vis individuals without the syndrome.

Indiana University Research and Technology Corporation (IURTC) has applied for patents internationally on these pro-drugs in the world-wide market.De has been conferred the prestigious Young Investigator's Award by American Peptide Society."I hope going forward this drug essentially helps people.That is when the years of hard work and research will pay
off," he added.

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