Doctors stress need for psychological first aid

Psychological first aid (PFA) is the prime need of women who undergo trauma due to domestic violence or sexual assault, but remains lacking in the healthcare set up for these women. Forensic evaluation acts as a significant factor in providing PFA as forensic experts who are entitled to examine the survivors need to consider the risk factors to prevent worsening the mental status of the victim.

“Forensic evaluation is a very important factor for such victims and every possible effort should be made that female doctor examine the victim, who should aid the patient with PFA,” said a professor of forensic medicine. Forensic experts state that medical evaluation and other forensic procedures should be done respecting the dignity, culture and abilities of a victim who has undergone violence and assault.

PFA should comfort the affected people by talking to them, without pressurising them to talk. An assault survivor may undergo depression, fear, shock, anxiety, suicidal tendency and post-traumatic stress disorder, it is for such women that PFA can be of help them overcome the mental trauma, say psychologists. “The mental health of the victims of domestic violence and sexual assaults impact mental health as they are exposed to an unbearable situation suddenly. Treatment and physical health aid provided can heal the wounds. The brain of the survivor is affected in such a way that they get into deep distress when an unforeseen situation arises and the mind does not get enough time for adapting to the trauma and can fall prey to severe mental disorders,” says a psychiatrist.

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Skin too can be preserved to save burn and accident victims

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It is not just eyes and blood that can be preserved; the same applies to the skin too. Karnataka got its first skin bank, the sixth in the country, on Wednesday. The unit is at the State-run Victoria Hospital and Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. Doctors hope that the skin bank may help save the lives of countless burn victims, as harvested skin is the best form of ‘biological dressing’ available today.

The skin is collected within six hours of a person’s death and preserved for future use, after taking consent from the donor’s family. “Without harvested skin, even patients with 50 per cent burns don’t usually survive,” said Smitha Segu, associate professor and head, plastic surgery, Victoria Hospital.

“The main cause of death in accident and burn victims is infection. Grafting artificial or harvested skin on wounds is an effective way to improve healing,” said Dr. Devadass P.K., Dean, Victoria Hospital.

Mahabodhi Burns Centre at Victoria Hospital receives around 160 cases a month.

St. John’s Hospital in Madiwala procures harvested skin from the National Burns Centre, Mumbai, for treatment of severe burn victims. “The skin has to be couriered and reaches the next day. There is the possibility of transit delay,” said Sunderraj Ellur, additional professor, department of plastic reconstructive surgery and burns, St. John’s Hospital.

Although artificial skin is available, it is prohibitively expensive. The government has agreed to fund all skin grafts at the skin bank, which was inaugurated by Minister for Medical Education Sharan Prakash Patil. “A nominal charge may be levied,” said Dr. Segu.

The Rotary Bangalore Midtown and Ashirvad Pipes have funded the infrastructure of the skin bank.

It will take a month for the lab to be sterilised and the first skin harvest to be made. The first specimens will need to be tested for two to three months before the skin is ready for treating patients.

 

Childhood Bullying Scars Can Last Into Adulthood

Highlighting the harm caused by bullying, a new study finds the effects of childhood bullying last into adulthood and can lead to problems such as illness, job difficulties and poor relationships with others.

Researchers assessed 1,420 people four to six times between the ages of 9 and 16, and then again when they were between ages 24 and 26. The participants included victims of childhood bullying, bullies and those in both categories, known as bully-victims.

Bully-victims, who may turn to bullying after being bullied themselves, had the greatest risk of health problems when they were adults. They were over six times more likely to be diagnosed with a serious illness, smoke or have a psychiatric disorder than people not involved in bullying.

Victims, bullies and bully-victims were all more than twice as likely as others to have difficulty in keeping a job or committing to saving money. As a result, they were more likely to be poor in young adulthood, according to the study published .

The three groups showed no real difference in the likelihood of being married or having children, but did show signs of having difficulty forming relationships with other people, particularly when it came to maintaining long-term friendships or good ties with parents in adulthood.

However, after accounting for the influence of childhood psychiatric problems and family hardships, the researchers concluded that being a childhood bully had little impact in adulthood.

"Bullies appear to be children with a prevailing antisocial tendency who know how to get under the skin of others, with bully-victims taking the role of their helpers," study co-leader  said in a journal news release.

"It is important to find ways of removing the need for these children to bully others and, in doing so, protect the many children suffering at the hand of bullies -- they are the ones who are hindered later in life," he added.

"We cannot continue to dismiss bullying as a harmless, almost inevitable, part of growing up," he said. "We need to change this mindset and acknowledge this as a serious problem for both the individual and the country as a whole; the effects are long-lasting and significant."

Although the study found associations between childhood bullying and serious health and social consequences in adulthood, it did not establish a cause-and-effect relationship.

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