Aspirin and omega-3 safe, lower bowel cancer risk

Intake of aspirin and omega-3 is safe and effective at reducing chances of bowel cancer in high-risk patients, according to a new clinical trial.

In the trial, published in the journal The Lancet, these low-cost drugs reduced the number of pre-cancerous polyps -- a small growth, usually benign -- in patients found to be at high risk of developing bowel cancer.

The findings showed that patients who took aspirin had 22 per cent fewer polyps compared to those who took the placebo.

Those who took omega-3, also called EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) had 9 per cent fewer polyps compared to those who took the placebo.

Although aspirin and EPA had beneficial effects on polyp numbers individually, the combination of aspirin and EPA together appeared to have an even greater effect, as it provided another layer of prevention, alongside colonoscopy, the researchers said.

"The trial demonstrates that both aspirin and EPA have preventative effects, which is particularly exciting given that they are both relatively cheap and safe compounds to give to patients," said Mark Hull, Professor at the University of Leeds in the UK.

In the trial the team included over 700 patients, all of whom had a higher risk of developing bowel cancer after having a colonoscopy.

Participants took either a 300 milligram aspirin tablet, 2 grams EPA in four capsules, a combination of both aspirin and EPA, or placebos only.

The results showed both aspirin and omega-3 reduced the number of bowel polyps in patients one year on from a screening colonoscopy (large bowel camera test).

However, they did not reduce the chances of an individual having any polyps present in the bowel.
Importantly, treatment with aspirin and EPA was safe with no increased bleeding risk.

However, individuals who took EPA on its own had a slight increase in stomach upset symptoms.

Further research is needed to test aspirin and EPA treatment together for polyp prevention, the researchers noted.

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A new technique that can help in screening and detection of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in some countries among women aged between 15 and 44 years. The necessity of proactive and periodic screening stems from the fact that cervical cancer is a preventable and curable condition if detected in the asymptomatic stages. Unfortunately,  there continues to be a major gap in the awareness levels in women regarding screening, especially while still asymptomatic. This results in delayed diagnosis, making it critical to understand the advantages of screening and opting for appropriate testing methods. BD SurePath Direct to Slide (DTS), is a unique Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) test intended to be used for screening and detection of cervical cancer, pre-cancerous lesions, atypical cells and all other cytological categories. It offers the availability of residual sample for conducting important additional follow-up tests without the need for repeat sampling.

According to a specialist, cervical cancer can be prevented by screening women systematically through organized population-based programmes. She further added, “Given that cervical cancer ranks as the 2nd most frequent cancer among women in India, it is a time that screening should become a part of their routine health check-up. Women undergoing screening should opt for LBC since it has demonstrated the ability to detect abnormal cells at the initial stages of pre-cancer thus, preventing cervical cancer from progressing.” Traditionally, conventional pap smear, a simple and quick test has been the mainstay of cervical cancer screening. However, this method has limitations in preparation technique and its ability to detect every abnormality, which makes it important to move towards a more efficient technique.

The Dr. said, “Liquid-based cytology significantly increases the detection rate of cervical cancer compared to conventional PAP even at initial stages. Access to LBC has been limited to highly sophisticated lab settings so far. With the launch of DTS, access to quality cervical cancer screening will increase and we recommend an early diagnosis through screening by LBC to significantly enhance the chances of timely and successful treatment.” “Early detection of cervical cancer and its malignant precursors is imperative for survival. In India where women’s health is a priority, we are glad that BD SurePath DTS will be able to enhance the standard of patient care, representing the next milestone in cervical cancer screening,” said a researcher.

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New Device Launched To Detect Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer, which is gradually turning to be a major health-concern among the Indian population, can be prevented with early detection using enhanced technology, health experts said at an event here on Tuesday.

G-EYE, an endoscopy technology which is claimed to detect gastrointestinal diseases more accurately was introduced in India during the event, organised by Smart Medical Systems- manufacturer of gastrointestinal endoscopy devices along with enhanced technology products supplier Ventura Business Solutions.

Colorectal cancer which is mainly caused by genetic disorders or environmental factors, is gradually becoming a major health concern. Currently, around four per cent of Indians are diagnosed by colorectal cancer while it is the third most common cancer among men and second most common in women worldwide.

"There is a serious gap in detection of gastronomical diseases in many countries and colorectal cancer is becoming a growing reason for deaths in western countries. There is a high rate of colorectal cancer patients among Indians who have migrated to US," said Zamir Halpern, Professor, Tel Aviv University, Israel at the event.

The latest device is expected to make it easier to detect and improve the diagnosis and therapy of gastro-intestinal disorders and diseases.

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The device uses innovative balloon technology to uncover pre-cancerous polyps that are hidden behind the colon's natural folds and provides the ability to perform double balloon enteroscopy.

"Our presence in India provides a great opportunity to serve the medical community by enhancing physicians' capabilities during endoscopy procedures and providing better treatments," said Misha Krakowsky, Executive Director, Asia Pacific, Smart Medical Systems at the event.

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Vitamin B3 for help in Skin cancer?

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 A new study has revealed that vitamin B3 derivative can cut risk of new skin cancers.

A year of treatment with nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, significantly lowered the risk of common, non-melanoma skin cancer in high-risk patients, according to University of Sydney research.

All 386 participants in the study had a history of skin cancer, increasing their risk for additional skin cancers. Taken as a twice-daily pill for 12 months, nicotinamide reduced the incidence of new non-melanoma skin cancers by 23 per cent relative to placebo controls and cut the incidence of pre-cancerous sun spots by around 15 per cent.

Nicotinamide is safe, affordable, and available over the counter in most countries. The findings have the potential to decrease the health burden and economic cost of skin cancer - the most common form of cancer in fair-skinned populations worldwide.

Senior author, Dr Diona Damian, said that they hope that these findings can be immediately translated into clinical practice. However, people at high risk of skin cancer still need to practice sun safe behaviour, use sunscreens and have regular check-ups with their doctor.

The study appears in New England Journal of Medicine.