Overspill of fat shown to cause Type 2 diabetes

Researchers have been able to observe people developing type 2 diabetes- and confirmed that fat over-spills from the liver into the pancreas, triggering the chronic condition.

We saw that when a person accumulates too much fat, which should be stored under the skin, then it has to go elsewhere in the body. The amount that can be stored under the skin varies from person to person, indicating a ' personal fat threshold' above which fat can cause mischief, said the lead author of the study.

The study involved a group of people, who previously had type 2 diabetes but had lost weight and successfully reversed the condition as part of the DiRECT trial.

Although the majority remained non-diabetic for the rest of the 2 year study, however, a small group went on to regain weight and re-developed type 2 diabetes.

When fat cannot be safely stored under the skin, it is then stored inside the liver, and over-spills to the rest of the body including the pancreas. This ' clogs up' the pancreas, switching off the genes which direct how insulin should effectively be produced and this causes type 2 diabetes, he said.

According to the researchers, this study confirms that type 2 diabetes is caused by excess fat actually within both the liver and pancreas, and especially that this process is reversible.

This new study builds on previous research showing exactly why type 2 diabetes can be reversed back to normal glucose control.

Those studies led to the large DiRECT trial which showed that primary care staff can achieve remission of type 2 diabetes by using a low calorie diet with support to maintain the weight loss.

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http://www.millenniumpost.in/features/overspill-of-fat-shown-to-cause-type-2-diabetes-392291

Time-restricted eating can combat diabetes

According to the findings of a recent study, time-restricted eating can turn out to be beneficial for blood glucose. As part of the study, a team of researchers assessed the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) in 15 men for one week.

"The men, who are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, limited their food intake to a nine-hour period per day," said the lead author of the study. The blood glucose response to a standard meal was assessed each day of the study. The investigators found that TRE improved glucose control, regardless of when the men chose to stop eating.

"Our results suggest that modulating when, rather than what, we eat can improve glucose control. We did see a tiny amount of weight loss in this study, which may have contributed to the results," the researcher explained.

A participant, who has been participating in a follow-up study, undertook a TRE regime in which he ate his normal diet only from 9.30am to 7.30pm over a similar eight-week trial.

"The restricted eating regime was initially challenging, but soon became more manageable. I only ate up until 7.30pm as I found this worked well with my lifestyle. Over the trial, I found that my fasting blood glucose tolerance improved significantly. It changed from 'increased risk' level to 'normal'. This was without changing any of the foods that I like to eat," the author asserted.

“Time-restricted eating regimes demonstrate that we can enjoy foods that are perceived to be 'bad' for us if we eat them at the right time of day when our bodies are more biologically able to deal with the nutrient load. And perhaps more importantly, if we allow our bodies to have more time fasting each night,” the author explained.

"While these early results show some promise for controlling blood glucose, a larger study over a longer duration is required to fully investigate the effectiveness of this pattern of time-restricted eating," she said.

From 2000 to 2015 there were 3,06,201 new cases of insulin-treated type 2 diabetes in Australia: on average 19,000 new cases each year. The incidence of insulin-treated type 2 diabetes was between 1.2 to 1.5 times as high for men than women during this time. Incidence rates for insulin-treated type 2 diabetes were twice as high among those in the lowest socioeconomic group compared with those in the highest group.

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