Eating bluelerries can improve your health

Eating a cup of blueberries daily reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by up to 15 per cent, according to a study.

The findings suggest that blueberries and other berries should be included in diets to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
 

"Having metabolic syndrome significantly increases the risk of heart disease, stroke and  diabetes and often statins and other medications are prescribed to help control this rise," said the lead author of the study.

The researchers studied whether eating blueberries had any effect on metabolic syndrome-- a condition, affecting 1/3 of westernised adults, which comprises at least three of the following risk factors: high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, low levels of 'good cholesterol' and high levels of triglycerides.

For the study, the researchers investigated the effects of eating blueberries daily in 138 overweight and obese people, (aged between 50 and 75), and having metabolic syndrome.
 
"We found that eating one cup of blueberries per day resulted in sustained improvements in vascular function and arterial stiffness - making enough of a difference to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by between 12 and 15 per cent," said co-author of the study.

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Obese people more likely to develop dementia

Obese people are at an increased risk of developing dementia than those with a normal weight, according to a study that analysed data from 1.3 million adults.

The study, also found that people near dementia onset, who then go on to develop dementia, tend to have lower body weight than their dementia-free counterparts.

"The BMI-dementia association observed in longitudinal population studies, such as ours, is actually attributable to two processes," said lead author of the study.

"One is an adverse effect of excess body fat on dementia risk. The other is weight loss due to pre-clinical dementia. For this reason, people who develop dementia may have a higher-than-average body mass index some 20 years before dementia onset, but close to overt dementia have a lower BMI than those who remain healthy," said the author.

"The new study confirms both the adverse effect of obesity as well as weight loss caused by metabolic changes during the pre-dementia stage," he said.

BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight that applies to adult men and women.
Past research on how a person's weight influences their risk of dementia has produced conflicting results.

In this study, researchers from across Europe pooled individual-level data from 39 longitudinal population studies from across the globe.

A total of 1,349,857 dementia-free adults participated in these studies and their weight and height were assessed.

Dementia was ascertained using linkage to electronic health records obtained from hospitalisation, prescribed medication and death registries.

A total of 6,894 participants developed dementia during up to 38 years of follow-up. 

Two decades before symptomatic dementia, higher BMI predicted dementia occurrence: each 5-unit increase in BMI was associated with a 16-33 per cent higher risk of the condition (5 BMI units is 14.5kg for a person 170cm tall.

In contrast, the mean level of BMI during pre-clinical stage close to dementia onset was lower compared to that in participants who remained healthy.

In 2015, the number of people with dementia reached almost 45 million, two times more than in 1990. This study suggests that maintaining a healthy weight could prevent, or at least delay, dementia.

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