Prevention is the biggest weapon in fight against COPD, say experts at KGMU on World COPD Day

Prevention is the biggest weapon in the fight against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), that is characterised by airflow obstruction, said experts at the COPD Update-2022 organised by the department of pulmonary and critical care medicine, at the King George’s Medical University to mark the World COPD Day.  

Dr Rajendra Prasad, head of the deprtment (HoD) pulmonary medicine at Era University spoke on the growing burden of COPD in India and stressed about increasing awareness about it.

“For long although smoking has been thought as the only cause of COPD but air pollution and indoor biomass fuel exposures are almost equally responsible for the growing burden of this disease,” he said and stressed about controlling the preventable factors so as to decrease the burden of the disease.

Dr Ved Prakash, HoD, pulmonary and critical care medicine, KGMU, talked about the latest in the management of COPD from the recently published GOLD guidelines 2023.

He stressed that it includes a holistic approach rather than just medicines. The various aspects that need to be looked when managing these patients includes smoking cessation, proper nutrition, regular exercise, pulmonary rehabilitation, indoor and outdoor air pollution control, vaccination against influenza, pneumococcus and add proper adherence to the medication as advised by the expert physician. 

Dr Rajiv Garg spoke about the importance of early diagnosis of COPD which helps in timely management and slows down progress of COPD. He stressed that if we are to modify the outcomes of COPD, early detection needs to play a critical role. He also aimed to clarify the differences between early COPD, mild COPD and early detection of COPD, with an emphasis on the clinical burden.  

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.   

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5 Important Vaccines for Older Adults

People of all ages get sick, older adults and young infants are especially vulnerable to potentially serious diseases. Getting vaccinated is one of the best ways to ensure you and your grandkids are as protected as possible. So, whether you're about to meet your first grandchild or your tenth, here are five vaccines you should talk to your doctor about getting beforehand. 

 

1. Influenza Vaccine

Most people believe that the flu is a stomach bug or a bad cold. But it is dangerous and can be a fatal-respiratory virus. In fact, anywhere from 12,000 to 56,000 people die due to the flu each year in the US, and hundreds of thousands are hospitalized. Many of these deaths are in those with pre-existing medical conditions.
However, healthy individuals are not excluded from the list. The flu is a big deal, and the vaccine is recommended for everyone over 6 months of age, with very few exceptions. Grandparents especially should get the flu vaccine each year, not only to protect themselves but to protect the youngest members of their families. In fact, until babies receive their first dose at 6 months, they are at the mercy of those around them to get vaccinated and keep them safe. 
2. Pertussis Vaccine aka Tdap
If you have a grandchild on the way, you might have already been asked to get the Tdap vaccine, which can protect against three diseases, including pertussis or 'whooping cough'. This disease is frequently under-diagnosed in adults because, after childhood, it tends to have milder symptoms.
Many older adults don't realize they are infected, and often dismiss any signs of infection as allergies. But even if symptoms are mild, or absent, you can still pass the bacteria to other people, including to vulnerable newborns for whom pertussis can be dangerous. In fact, half of all babies under a year old who get pertussis need to be hospitalized. The first dose of the pertussis vaccine is given at two months of age, but the series actually includes multiple doses over a span of years, and it's not 100% effective. Even with the vaccine, a small number of vaccinated infants can still get sick. 

3. Pneumococcus Vaccines

Pneumococcus - a bacterium that can cause pneumonia, among other things, can often be passed from young kids to older adults. In children, pneumococcus can lead to mild illnesses like ear infections, or a more serious thing, like meningitis. But, in older adults, pneumococcus is a leading cause of pneumonia which results in an estimated 900,000 cases each year in the United States alone.
While more than 90% of U.S. children under age 3 are fully vaccinated against pneumococcus, the rate is lower in adults over 65. Depending on your age or health status, there are two types of pneumococcal vaccines, and depending on your age or health status, you will need both of them. 
4. Herpes Zoster aka Shingles Vaccine
If you're over 60, you should look into getting the shingles shot, and this is true even if you've already had shingles at least once. While you can't actually give shingles to your grandchildren, you can give them chicken pox. How? The two diseases are caused by the same virus. When you are infected with chickenpox - which almost everyone before 1980 had - the virus can stay dormant in your body and reactivate later in life causing shingles.
And when you have shingles, you can spread the virus to someone who hasn't had chickenpox or who hasn't been vaccinated against it yet. Both diseases cause rashes, though the shingles rash is often more painful and tends to be isolated to one side of your body, or along your nerves. Sometimes, the pain from shingles can last for weeks, months, or even years after the rash goes away. 

5. MMR—Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine

If you were born in 1957 or later, and you haven't been vaccinated against measles, you may want to get a booster dose. Measles is extremely common and almost everyone got it at some point until the measles vaccine became widely available. While vaccinations have become commonplace, it still remains to be the leading cause of death in small children worldwide, killing more than an estimated 100,000 people each year.

There are some families choosing to delay or forgo vaccines, nowadays, however, measles is making a comeback. So, even if you don't think that you are at risk for passing along the measles - or mumps - or rubella for that matter - it is still a good idea to make sure you are up-to-date on this vaccine, just in case. 

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