Reason behind hunger pangs revealed

Researchers have made a new breakthrough that could help explain why human feel hungry. 

In this new paper, first authors Michael Krashes, PhD, and Bhavik Shah, PhD, postdoctoral fellows in the lab of Bradford Lowell, MD, PhD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) neuroendocrinologist, employed rabies circuit mapping, a technology in which a modified version of the rabies virus is engineered to "infect" just one type of neuron - in this case, the AgRP neurons that drive hunger.

The virus moves upstream one synapse and identifies all neurons that are providing input to AgRP starter neurons.

Then, using a host of different neuron-specific cre-recombinase expressing mice (a group of genetically engineered animals originally developed in the Lowell lab) the investigators were able to map inputs to just these nerve cells, and then manipulate these upstream neurons so that they could be targeted With this new information, the investigators now had a model to pursue.

Their results revealed that subsets of neurons expressing thyrotrophic-releasing hormone (TRH) and pituitary adenylate cylcase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) were in on the neuronal chatter.

Finally, through a chemo genetic technique known as DREADDs - Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drug - the authors used chemicals to specifically and selectively stimulate or inhibit these upstream neurons in the animal models.

The fed mice, which had already consumed their daily meal and otherwise had no interest in food, proceeded to search out and voraciously eat after DREADD stimulation.

Conversely, the fasting mice - which should have been hungry after a period of no food - ate very little when these upstream neurons were turned off.

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

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Almonds best for reducing hunger pangs

A new study has found that people who eat 1.5 ounces of dry-roasted, lightly salted almonds every day experience reduced hunger and improved dietary vitamin E and monounsaturated ("good") fat intake without increasing body weight.

In light of increasing snacking frequency and snack size among many adults, combined with continued increases in obesity rates and widespread nutrient shortfalls, it becomes increasingly important to identify snacks that pose little risk for weight gain while providing health benefits.

Snacking reportedly increases risk for weight gain, but this broad generalization may mask different responses to select foods.

The newly published randomized, controlled clinical study, led by researchers at Purdue University, investigated the effects of almond snacking on weight and appetite.

"This research suggests that almonds may be a good snack option, especially for those concerned about weight," said a distinguished professor of nutrition science  and the study's principal investigator.

"In this study, participants compensated for the additional calories provided by the almonds so daily energy intake did not rise and reported reduced hunger levels and desire to eat at subsequent meals, particularly when almonds were consumed as a snack," he said.

ps- this is only for information, always consult you physician before having any particular food/ medication/exercise/other remedies.

ps- those interested in recipes are free to view my blog-

http://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/

for info about knee replacement, you can view my blog-

http://Knee replacement-stick club.blogspot.com/

for crochet designs

http://My Crochet Creations.blogspot.com