Mobile Phones Causing Presbyopia At An Early Age, say Doctors

The excessive use of mobile phones and other electronic gadgets is causing presbyopia at an early stage. The eye disorder typically occurs in middle and old age and is caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye.

According to doctors, over 65 per cent of the people suffering from presbyopia, or long-sightedness, in their early 30s in India, were found to be heavy users of electronic gadgets, including tablets and laptops. 

“Presbyopia or loss of accommodating power of the lens, which mostly happened around the age of 40, has started occurring quite early among the people. Excess use of mobile phones causing it early by making the eye lens harder and making it lose elasticity. The result is a gradual worsening of the ability to focus on objects up close,” said Mahipal Sachdev, Chairman of Centre for Sight (CFS).

According to World Health Organisation, more than a billion people in the world were presbyopic as of 2005, while the number has doubled in 2015.

Stating that presbyopia is even seen among people in their early 30s, Sachdev said: “Surveys have proved that symptoms of presbyopia such as blurred vision, eye strain or headaches are more often seen among the youngsters too who use electronic gadgets such as mobiles for long hours.”

Presbyopia, an age-related eyesight problem, stems from a gradual thickening and loss of flexibility of the natural lens inside your eye. The problem is now occurring at an early stage due to use of mobile phones and other electronic gadgets in excess.

These age-related changes occur within the proteins in the lens, making the lens harder and less elastic over time. Age-related changes also take place in the muscle fibres surrounding the lens. With less elasticity, the eye has a harder time focusing up close.
Ritika Sachdev, a Delhi-based ophthalmic surgeon, said: “One cannot escape presbyopia, even if they have never had a vision problem before. However, the occurrence of presbyopia at an early stage can be prevented by avoiding the long-hour use of mobile phones and tablets.” 

“Presbyopia also cannot be prevented just by diet and exercise as they have no effect. Those who use near vision daily in their activities will notice and complain about it sooner. Which is why these days, with greater use of mobile phones and tablets, people need corrective glasses sooner, sometimes even at the age of 30-32 years.”

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Antibiotics at early age can reduce immunity

A new study has found that consumption of antibiotics at an early age can reduce long-term immunity.

The new study is done by researchers from University of British Columbia (UBC). The study was done to help scientists understand how bacteria are affected by different antibiotics. It is to be noted that bacteria also play a positive role in promoting a healthy immune system. 

The study showed that taking antibiotics at early stage can increase susceptibility to specific diseases at a later stage. 

We know that there are some bacteria living in our gut and they play a positive role in promoting a healthy immune system. Sometimes the good bacteria also get killed due to antibiotic treatments.

"This is the first step to understanding which bacteria are absolutely necessary to develop a healthy immune system later in life," said Kelly McNagny, a professor in the Department of Medical Genetics who led the research along with UBC microbiologist Brett Finlay. 

For the study, the impact of two antibiotics, vancomycin and streptomycin, were tested on newborn mice. The researchers found that streptomycin increased susceptibility to a disease known as hypersensitivity pneumonitis later in life, but vancomycin did not have any such effect. 

The study said that difference in long-term effects of an antibiotic can be attributed to how they affect the presence of gut bacteria. 

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is an allergic disease which affects people involved in farming, sausage-making, and cleaning hot tubs. 

The researchers, however, noted that antibiotics should be given to infants when needed but they expressed hope that the findings of the study will help them know which bacteria make us less susceptible to disease. 

This could allow the researchers to boost helpful bacteria by using probiotics. 

"Probiotics could be the next big trend in parenting because once you know which bacteria prevent disease, you can make sure that children get inoculated with those bacteria," said McNagny. 

The study was published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.

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