Monoclonal antibody therapy can cut lung inflammation in Covid patients

Treatment with monoclonal antibodies may be able to protect aged and diabetic patients from severe Covid and reduce signs of inflammation, according to a new study conducted on rhesus macaque monkeys.

The study, showed that neutralizing antibodies after monoclonal antibody treatment prevented aged, diabetic rhesus macaque monkeys from the adverse inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including in cerebrospinal fluid.

The researchers found infiltration of activated immune cells, or T cells, into the cerebrospinal fluid of control animals a week after infection. They did not find any viral RNA in cerebrospinal fluid. Macaques, treated with antibodies did not show inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid.

These signs of inflammation in the central nervous system might be connected to neurological symptoms of Covid-19 disease in humans, and possibly “ long Covid”, in which patients experience an array of symptoms for months after infection, they explained in the study, published in the journal Cell Reports.

The results also help explain how antibodies, whether induced by vaccines or after infection, or given as a treatment, can affect the course of disease. They also suggest that antibodies could be given as a preventive treatment to people at high risk, such as elderly residents during an outbreak in a nursing home.

“ Covid-19 is more severe in elderly people and those with pre-existing conditions”, said an Associate Prof. of pathology, microbiology and immunology at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Immunology and Infectious Disease.

“ The elderly and diabetics tend to be immuno-suppressed, but if you can get antibody levels high enough, you can prevent severe infection, she said.

Immune responses induced by vaccines are very effective at preventing severe disease and death. But an overwhelming inflammatory immune response could also be responsible for much of the damage of severe infections.

“We want to know what are the immune determinants of disease”, Iyer said.

The team studies 2 human monoclonal  antibodies that target the spike protein of SARS0C0V-2 virus in ageing, diabetic rhesus macaques.

At 21-22 years old, the macaques were equivalent to humans in their mid-60s. like many aging humans, they had developed hypertension and diabetes, but were otherwise healthy. The animals were infused with antibodies 3 days before being infected with SARS-CoV-2.

The Covid infections in rhesus macaques were generally mild, especially in animals pre-treated with monoclonal antibodies. Control animals had more signs of inflammation in their lungs.

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COVID-19 during pregnancy can lead to major adverse outcomes like preeclampsia, stillbirth and more

Since the start of the global COVID-19 pandemic, experts are trying to ascertain the effect of this virus on pregnant women and the unborn child. Research on this subject have thrown up varying results with some predicting adverse outcomes for either mother or child or both and others saying that the virus does not lead to any complications or negative pregnancy outcome. Now a new research says that if you are pregnant and catch the COVID-19 Infection, you may be at risk of preeclampsia, stillbirth, preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. The study also says that pregnant women with symptomatic infection are more likely to suffer adverse outcome. The Canadian Medical Association Journal published this study.

Risk of stillbirth, cesarean delivery increases by 50 per cent

Researchers from the University of Montreal in Canada found double the risk of preterm birth and a 50 per cent increased risk of cesarean delivery in pregnant people with symptomatic COVID-19 than in those with asymptomatic COVID-19. According to the researchers, contrary to some previous studies, the results of this particular study suggest that pregnant people with COVID-19 have an increased risk of high blood pressure, stillbirth and preterm birth. Their newborns are more likely to need intensive care. Pregnant people with severe COVID-19 symptoms have a particularly high risk of these complications.

There is a four-fold higher risk of preeclampsia

For the purpose of the study, the team of researchers looked at 42 studies involving around 438,548 pregnant people from different parts of the world. They tried to establish the association between COVID-19 infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study indicated that those with severe COVID-19 had a 4-fold higher risk of high blood pressure and preterm birth.

Adverse effects may be a result of inflammation

The researchers said that the reason for the increased risk of adverse outcomes is unclear but could be because this virus may lead to vasoconstriction and stimulate an inflammatory response affecting blood vessels. According to them, their meta-analysis of recent good-quality cohort studies with comparative data does not align with these previous reviews, and provides clear evidence that symptomatic or severe COVID-19 is associated with a considerable risk of preeclampsia, preterm birth and low birth weight. They also stress on the fact that clinicians should be aware of these adverse outcomes when managing pregnancies affected by COVID-19 and adopt effective strategies to prevent or reduce risks to patients and fetuses.

This is only for your information, kindly take the advice of your doctor for medicines, exercises and so on.     

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