Migraine diagnoses positively associated with dementia

A few studies focused on the association between other headaches, migraine headaches and dementia, found a positive migraine-dementia relationship.

This study was based on data from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), which compiles drug prescription, diagnoses and basic medical and demographic data obtained directly and in anonymous format from computer systems used in the practices of general practitioners and specialists.

The current study smaple included patients who had received a migraine diagnosis in one of 67 general practices in the UK. Patients without migraine diagnoses were matched 1:1 to patients with migraine diagnoses based on propensity scores using a greedy algorithm and derived from the logistic regression using age, sex, index year and co-diagnoses ( i.e. diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, stroke including transient ischemic attack, depression, intracranial injury, mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, osteoporosis).

The index date for participants without migraine diagnoses was randomly selected visit between Jan. 1997 and Dec. 2016. The main outcome of the study was the incidence of dementia as a function of migraine diagnosis within 10 years of the index date.

The present study included 3,727 individuals with 3, 727 individuals without a migraine diagnosis. However, a positive association between migraine diagnoses and all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease was only significant in women ( Hazard Ratio (HR): 1.65; Alzheimer's disease:HR= 2.27), not in men.

Several biological and clinical hypotheses may explain the association between migraine headaches and dementia. For e.g., migraine headaches involve chronic pain, which has been found to substantially impact the risk of memory decline and dementia. As women usually have more severe migraine attacks, the risk of dementia in women with migraine could be higher than in men with migraine explained a Dr.

We've conducted several studies focused on dementia in recent years. We've been able to identify positive associations between osteoporosis and dementia and between epilepsy and dementia, but have also observed the negative association between some antiepileptic, antidepressant and antihypertensive drugs and dementia incidence. Such findings demonstrate the significant role of anonymous patient data in epidemiology research for helping people recognise and avoid health risk factors in the future, noted a Prof.

The authors of the study also noted that further studies are warranted to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the migraine-dementia relationship and the different sexes in the association between migraine and dementia.

The 3 major strengths of this study are a large number of patients available for analysis, the use of real-world data including several comorbidities, and the matched-pair design.

However, this study also has 2 major limitations. Although the prevalence of migraine headaches is the highest in young adults and tends to decrease with age, this study only included participants aged between 60 and 8- years, thus potentially introducing a bias into the statistical analyses.

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Read to your children the old-fashioned way

Selecting what story to read is not the only decision parents make. They must also decide to choose between print and electronic version as well. A new study has suggested that print books may have an edge over e-books when it comes to quality time shared between parents and their children.

The study found out that parents and children verbalised and interacted less with e-books than with print books. "Shared reading promotes children's language development, literacy and bonding with parents. We wanted to learn how electronics might change this experience," said lead author of the study.

"We found that when parents and children read print books, they talked more frequently and the quality of their interactions was better,” he shared . The parent-toddler pairs in the study used three book formats: print books, basic electronic books on a tablet and enhanced e-books featuring additions like sound effects and animation.

With e-books, not only did the pairs interact less but parents tended to talk less about the story and more about the technology itself.

Sometimes this included instructions about the device, such as telling children not to push buttons or change the volume. The author noted that many of the interactions shared between parents and young children while reading may appear subtle but actually go a long way in promoting healthy child development.

For example, parents may point to a picture of an animal in the middle of a story and ask their child "what does a duck say?" Also, parents may relate part of a story to something the child has experienced with comments like "Remember when we went to the beach?" Reading time also lends itself to open-ended questions, such as asking children what they thought of the book or characters.

The author said, “These practices, involving comments and questions that go beyond content, are believed to promote child expressive language, engagement, and literacy. Parents strengthen their children's ability to acquire knowledge by relating new content to their children's lived experiences," he said.

"Research tells us that parent-led conversations are especially important for toddlers because they learn and retain new information better from in-person interactions than from digital media,” he added. However, such practices occurred less frequently with electronic books, with parents asking fewer simple questions and commenting less about the story line compared with print books.

The study suggested that the electronic book enhancements were likely interfering with parents' ability to engage in parent-guided conversation during reading. The author added that non-verbal interactions, including warmth, closeness and enthusiasm during reading time also create positive associations with reading that will likely stick with children as they get older.

Authors recommended that future studies examine specific aspects of tablet-book design that support parent-child interaction. Parents who do choose to read electronic books with toddlers should also consider engaging as they would with the print version and minimise focus on elements of the technology itself.

"Reading together is not only a cherished family ritual in many homes but one of the most important developmental activities parents can engage in with their children," said the senior author.

"Our findings suggest that print books elicit a higher quality parent-toddler reading experience compared with e-books. Paediatricians may wish to continue encouraging parents to read print books with their kids, especially for toddlers and young children who still need support from their parents to learn from any form of media,” added the Dr.

THIS IS ONLY FOR INFORMATION, ALWAYS CONSULT YOU PHYSICIAN BEFORE HAVING ANY PARTICULAR FOOD/ MEDICATION/EXERCISE/OTHER REMEDIES.                                    PS- THOSE INTERESTED IN RECIPES ARE FREE TO  VIEW MY BLOG-                                                                                           https://gseasyrecipes.blogspot.com/                                                                                                                                                         FOR INFO ABOUT KNEE REPLACEMENT, YOU CAN VIEW MY BLOG-                                                  https:// kneereplacement-stickclub.blogspot.com/           

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