Warmer temperatures may boost women's productivity
Turning up the
thermostat at the office may result in higher productivity for women,
according to a study which found that women performed better on math and
verbal tasks at higher temperatures.
The study, found that as temperatures increased, so did women's
performance on tasks, while the opposite was true for men. When
temperatures were lowered, men performed better, although the
relationship between temperature and men's performance was less
pronounced. The study suggests that gender is an important factor not
only in determining the impact of temperature on comfort but also on
productivity and cognitive performance.
"It's been documented
that women like warmer indoor temperatures than men -- but the idea
until now has been that it's a matter of personal preference," said an associate professor. "What we found is it's not just whether you feel
comfortable or not, but that your performance on things that matter --
in math and verbal dimensions, and how hard you try -- is affected by
temperature," he said. A total of 543 students participated in the
laboratory experiment, which was conducted in Berlin. For each session,
room temperatures were set at various increments ranging from about 16
degrees Celsius to about 33 degrees Celsius.
In each period,
participants were required to complete three different tasks --
monetarily incentivised based on performance -- within a given amount of
time. In the math test, participants were asked to add up five
two-digit numbers without using a calculator. For the verbal task,
participants were asked to build as many German words as possible given a
set of ten letters. In the last task, the cognitive reflection test,
participants were given a set of questions framed so that the intuitive
answer was the wrong answer.
The researchers found a
meaningful relationship between room temperature and how well
participants scored on the math and verbal tasks, while temperature had
no effect for men and women on the cognitive reflection test. "One of
the most surprising things we learned is this isn't about the extremes
of temperature," he said. "It's not like we're getting to freezing or
boiling hot. Even if you go from 60 to 75 degrees, which is a
relatively normal temperature range, you still see a meaningful
variation in performance," he said.
The researchers note that the
increase in female cognitive performance at warmer temperatures appears
to be driven largely by an increase in the number of submitted answers,
which they interpreted as evidence that the increased performance is
driven in part by an increase in effort. Similarly, the decrease in male
cognitive performance was partially driven by a decrease in the number
of submitted answers. The increase in female cognitive performance is
larger and more precisely estimated than the decrease in male
performance.
The researchers said the results "raise the stakes for the
battle of the thermostat," suggesting that it is not just about comfort,
but also about cognitive performance and productivity. The findings
suggest that in mixed gender workplaces, the temperatures should be set
significantly higher than current standards to increase productivity.
"People invest a lot in making sure their workers are comfortable and
highly productive," he said. "This study is saying even if you care
only about money, or the performance of your workers, you may want to
crank up the temperature in your office buildings," he said.
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Labels: boost, cognitive function, fared better in maths n verbal tasks, productivity, temperatures, warmer, women's
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