Reasons Behind Headache

Headache is one of the most common reasons why people use over the counter analgesics (OTC-drugs) such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), aspirin, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac.
While these drugs are generally safe and effective when used as directed, their use has been associated with certain risks. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) may harm the liver, aspirin has been associated with increased risk of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, and NSAIDs should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or hepatic or renal impairment.

How to Decide if a Headache Is Serious or Not

A headache that is due to a specific underlying condition, such as sinusitis or meningitis, is often referred to as secondary to distinguish it from more benign conditions such as migraine, tension headache, and cluster headache which are known as primary. A primary headache is a headache that is due to the headache condition itself and not due to another cause .
The differentiation of the small number of patients with serious, sometimes life-threatening headaches from the overwhelming majority with benign primary headaches is of immense importance. Failure to acknowledge a serious secondary headache can have potentially fatal consequences.
The key to distinguishing secondary headache from a primary headache lies in the features of the headache, other symptoms occurring at the same time, and the physical examination.

The following features may point to a secondary headache rather than a primary headache :
A severe persistent headache that reaches maximal intensity within a few seconds or minutes
No similar headaches in the past
The presence of concomitant infection 
Severe persistent headache that reaches maximal intensity within a few seconds or minutes.
No Similar headaches in the past
The presence of a concomitant infection ( sinusitis or some respiratory tract infections) 
Altered mental status ( confusion, fainting or fluctuations in the level of consciousness)
Headache with seizures
Headache with exertion
Above 50 years
Below 5 years
Malignant tumours, HIV
Visual disturbances
Neurological abnormaloties 
Neck stiffness or other signs of meningitis
Trauma

The following features indicate a low-risk for a dangerous underlying cause and suggest a primary headache:
Stable pattern of headache over many months or years
Family history of similar headaches
Normal physical examination
Headaches consistently triggered by hormonal cycle, specific foods, sensory input or weather changes

For most patients, the diagnostic test of choice is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain is usually obtained in the setting of trauma or the abrupt onset of headache. Spinal tap with examination of cerebrospinal fluid is useful in diagnosing subarachnoid bleeding and infection.

The following are some reasons why you might get that headache

1. Stress: Physical stress or emotional stress can be identified as one of the most common causes for your headache. Tension, anxiety and depression may trigger a headache. This is also known as tension headache. In this condition, the muscles of your scalp, neck, face and jaw tighten, thus causing pain. Fatigue may also lead to this type of headache.
2. Eye problems: Sometimes eye problems may be the cause of your headache. Diseases such as glaucoma can cause headache. Straining your eyes for seeing distant objects or glaring at your computer screen for long can also result in headache.
3. Eating and sleeping disorders: Change in eating and sleeping pattern can also cause headache. Inadequate sleep or caffeine withdrawal can give you terrible headache sometimes.
4. Ear, nose or throat disorders: Ear, nose or throat problems can also give rise to headache. Sinus caused by cold or infection, tonsillitis or throat infections can also prompt a headache.
5. Medication: Excessive use of medication can be a factor responsible for your headache. This is also known as rebound headache.
6. Dental problems: Jaw or dental problems sometimes may trigger a mild headache which can turn severe also. The alignment of lower and upper jaw, tooth decay may be some of the causes for headache.
7. Hormonal problems: Sometimes a decline of your estrogen levels can also be a reason for your headache.
8. Bad posture: Sometimes, poor posture may strain the muscles of your back and neck, triggering a headache.

Headache can be very annoying. Sometimes pain relief medicines help in controlling headache, but consuming them regularly may affect your health. 

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