Treating latent TB of the uterus improves pregnancy outcomes in infertile women Inbox

Treatment led to better quality eggs, implantation rate

For the first time, researchers have been able to find a direct association between latent TB of the endometrium (inner lining of the uterus) and fewer eggs in the ovary, technically called low ovarian reserve, in infertile women.

Compared with infertile women who did not have latent TB, there was significant improvement in pregnancy outcome in women with latent TB who had successfully completed the standard TB therapy lasting six months. Results of the study were published in the journal recently.

Low ovarian reserve

“We came across infertile women with low ovarian reserve having latent TB. So we wanted to find out if there was indeed any association between latent TB and low ovarian reserve in these women. Loss of fertility due to latent TB has not been studied before,” says a Dr. The team led by her undertook an observational study involving 431 infertile women with latent TB and 453 infertile women without latent TB. The women included in the study were in the 21–38 years age group and had infertility for more than two years and had received at least six cycles of ovulation induction with or without undergoing intrauterine insemination or IVF.

Though latent TB is generally believed not to have any clinical significance, earlier studies have shown that latent TB does cause silent inflammation. The present study did not look at whether latent TB was causing inflammation leading to loss of eggs. “The objective of the present study was not to find out how latent TB caused a reduction in ovarian reserve,” Dr. says.

Other causes

“Inflammation of the endometrium could affect the ovaries too or the TB bacteria could be present in the ovaries as well,” says one of the authors of the paper.

After completion of treatment for latent TB, infertile women had nearly 52% successful pregnancy compared with 40.5% in the case of infertile women who did not have latent TB.

Latent TB treatment did improve the chances of pregnancy. But the study did not look at whether the treatment halts the decline in eggs. “The women must be followed up for one year and the hormone that serves as a marker for ovarian reserve has to be tested to know if treatment halts ovarian decline,” says the Dr. 

“We know when the ovarian environment is affected the quality of eggs also gets affected. So what we saw was after the treatment, women had better quality eggs and the implantation rate was also proportionately higher when IVF was done,” says Dr. 

“If doctors come across infertile women with lower than normal anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) [which serves as a marker for ovarian reserve] then they may test for latent TB of the endometrium and start treatment to improve the pregnancy outcome,” says Dr. 

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