The DASH
diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods and reduced
consumption of saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol.
It also contains whole grains, lean meats, fish, nuts, and beans.
The investigators assessed a randomized, crossover feeding trial in 103 adults with pre- or stage 1 hypertension.
Participants
were randomly assigned to receive either the DASH diet or a control
diet (typical of the average American diet) and were further fed low,
medium, and high sodium levels for 30 days, each in random order.
The
DASH diet lowered uric acid on average by 0.35 mg/dL. In individuals
with uric acid levels >7 mg/dL however, which is common among
patients with gout, the DASH diet lowered uric acid by >1 mg/dL.
While
the researchers hypothesized that reducing sodium intake would lower
uric acid levels, they found that the opposite was true: higher sodium
intake (which was about equal to the average sodium consumed in a
typical American diet) decreased uric acid levels compared with low
sodium intake.
The mechanism by which increased sodium intake decreases uric acid is unclear.
The
findings suggest that the DASH diet may represent an effective,
non-pharmacologic approach to prevent flares in patients with gout.
'Physicians
may now confidently recommend the DASH diet to patients with gout in
order to lower uric acid levels,' said Dr. Juraschek.
'Our
findings also show how sodium, or salt, can alter uric acid levels,
which provides important insights in further understanding dietary
triggers of gout flares.'
The
research was supported by cooperative agreements and grants from the
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and by the General Clinical
Research Center Program of the National Center for Research Resources.
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