New molecule can fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Researchers have identified a small
molecule that prevents bacteria from forming into biofilms, a frequent
cause of infections. Scientists at the University of British Columbia
found that the anti-biofilm peptide works on a range of bacteria
including many that cannot be treated by antibiotics.
"Currently
there is a severe problem with antibiotic-resistant organisms," said
Bob Hancock, a professor in UBC's Dept of Microbiology and Immunology
and lead author of the study published in the journal PLOS Pathogens.
"Our
entire arsenal of antibiotics is gradually losing effectiveness,"
Hancock said. Many bacteria that grow on skin, lung, heart and other
human tissue surfaces form biofilms, highly structured communities of
bacteria that are responsible for two-thirds of all human infections.
There
are currently no approved treatments for biofilm infections and
bacteria in biofilms are considerably more resistant to standard
antibiotics. Hancock and his colleagues found that the peptide known as
1018 - consisting of just 12 amino acids, the building blocks of protein
- destroyed biofilms and prevented them from forming.
Bacteria
are generally separated into two classes, Gram-positives and
Gram-negatives, and the differences in their cell wall structures make
them susceptible to different antibiotics. The peptide 1018 worked on
both classes of bacteria as well as several major antibiotic-resistant
pathogens, including E coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA.
"Antibiotics
are the most successful medicine on the planet. The lack of effective
antibiotics would lead to profound difficulties with major surgeries,
some chemotherapy treatments, transplants, and even minor injuries,"
said Hancock.
"Our strategy
represents a significant advance in the search for new agents that
specifically target bacterial biofilms," he said.
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Labels: amino acids, antibiotics, Bacteria, biofilm, infections, peptide, resistant
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