Study identifies autoimmune disease associated with testicular cancer

Scientists have discovered an autoimmune disease that seems to affect men with testicular cancer.

Known as 'testicular cancer-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis', it causes severe neurological symptoms in men. They progressively lose control of their limbs, eye movements and in some cases, speech.

The disease begins with a testicular tumour, which appears to cause the immune system attacks the brain. Affected men often find themselves misdiagnosed or undiagnosed and appropriate treatment is delayed.

The study identified a highly specific and unique biomarker for the disease by using a variation of "programmable phage display" technology. Their refined version of this technology simultaneously screens more than 700,000 auto-antibody targets across all human proteins.

Using this powerful tool, the researchers evaluated cerebrospinal fluid from a 37-year-old man who had a history of testicular cancer and debilitating neurological symptoms, including vertigo, imbalance, and slurred speech. The enhanced phage technology identified auto-antibodies targeting Kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11), which is found in the testes and parts of the brain.

These results were correlated and validated with additional patient samples from a clinic. In addition to identifying the cause of this mysterious neurological disease, the results point the way to using this protein biomarker as a diagnostic test for men with testicular cancer-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis. 

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