Saturday, October 12, 2019

Less Than Five Cigarettes A Day Can Also Cause Long-term Lung Damage

People who smoke fewer than five cigarettes a day cause long-term damage to their lungs, according to a new research. 

"Many people assume that smoking a few cigarettes a day isn't so bad, but it turns out that the difference in loss of lung function between someone who smokes five cigarettes a day versus two packs a day is relatively small," said study's lead author.

For the study, the researchers looked specifically at lung function--the amount of air a person can breathe in and out--in smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers. 

Lung function declines naturally with age (starting in one's 20s), and it's well-known that smoking accelerates the decline. 

Because of the large number of people in the study--more than 25,000-- researchers could see differences in lung function among light smokers (less than 5 cigarettes per day) and heavy smokers (more than 30 per day) that other studies have been unable to detect. 

Their analysis found that lung function in light smokers declines at a rate much closer to that of heavy smokers, as compared to non-smokers. 

This means that a light smoker could lose about the same amount of lung function in one year as a heavy smoker might lose in nine months. 

The study also tested an assumption, based on a 40-year-old study, that the rate of decline in lung capacity "normalises" within a few years of quitting smoking. 

The new study shows that although lung capacity declines at a much lower rate in ex-smokers than current smokers, the rate doesn't normalise for at least 30 years. 

According to the researchers, light smokers may have a greater risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 

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