For the
last few decades, athletes around the world have used high-intensity
interval training (HIIT) to take their performance to the next level.
This exercise approach - alternating short periods of intense exercise
with brief recovery breaks - has now caught on with regular people who
just want to stay in shape, too.
“You are pushing yourself to a
point where, for 30 seconds to a couple of minutes, you are giving
everything you can give,” says a wellness exercise
specialist.“Then you let yourself recover, catch your breath, and you do it
again.”
The appearance of HIIT-centric
fitness chains make HIIT a lot more accessible, and according to recent studies
regarding HIIT's immense benefits, this may be the impetus that people
need to get going.
HIIT has many awesome health
benefits associated with it, particularly when it comes to older people.
In 2017, researchers found that while HIIT can
help anyone, it is older adults who have the most to gain from it. This is because it triggers new muscle growth, improves energy
production in muscles, and even reverses some age-related deterioration
of muscle cells.
Of course, you should exercise
caution if you have a health condition that advises against strenuous
exercise. However, "for most people it’s not something to be afraid of,” the specialist says. “Like anything, start gradually and gradually build from
there.”
So what is HIIT exactly?
Basically, any kind of workout which gets your heart pumping for short,
intense periods of time can qualify as HIIT. You don’t even need to make
use of a heart rate monitor if you find it gets in the way, however it
is a pretty solid method of gauging your effort.
Professional trainers usually ask about heart rate zones,
which are basically a percentage of your maximum potential heart rate.
To determine your own, simply subtract your age from 220. As an example,
a 55-year-old should aim for a heart rate which is around 132 beats per
minute (80% of their 165 max heart rate) during each exercise interval,
which may last from 30 seconds to a handful of minutes.
Never forget that such maximums
significantly differ from one person to the next, regardless of how fit
they are. Therefore, a higher maximum heart rate is not an indication
that you are more fit than anyone else. Instead, you should try to
perceive your heart rate as an internal speedometer, and allow your
perceived exertion to be your guide. Once you've used a heart rate
monitor a few times, you'll begin to understand what level of exertion
feels right to you.
If you are working out at what
is meant to be your maximum heart rate, and you are not even breaking a
sweat, then you will need to adjust the goal higher. Just as
importantly, if your heart rate seems low but you feel that you are
really pushing yourself, then allow that to be your guide and aim for a
lower rate.
You don't actually need to join a
gym or a class to reap HIIT's benefits. By yourself, you can pick any
physical activity, such as walking, running, swimming or biking, and
start off with a 10-minute warm up. Then, simply carry on by switching
between a fast and moderate pace for the next 20 minutes, before winding
down with a cool down.
HIIT is also an extremely
flexible type of activity. You can vary the length of the intensity and
recovery periods to match your level of fitness, as well as the total
length of the routine. It's also fine to change things up if starts to
get old. “Experiment with different things you enjoy so you’re more
likely to sustain it,” the expert suggests.
To get the most out of HIIT, you
don't even need to do it on a daily basis. In fact, 2 to 3 times a week
has been found to be enough. You simply need to balance these intense
workouts with varying activities on the other days. You should also
avoid overlooking the value of rest days.
“A big component of doing this
kind of training, we found, is getting enough recovery,” says a 54-year-old competitive cyclist and triathlete, who typically
goes to HIIT centres on Mondays and Thursdays, takes Tuesday and Friday
off, and goes for long bike rides on the weekends.
The effective combination of
high-intensity and other activities, he says, offers “the two most
important things at this stage of our lives - consistency and variety.”
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