New method removes nanoparticles from blood with ease

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 A team of US engineers has developed a new technology that uses an electrical field to easily and quickly isolate drug-delivery nano-particles from the blood.

The electronic chip can also serve as a tool to separate and recover nano-particles from other complex fluids for medical, environmental and industrial applications.

Nano-particles, which are generally one thousand times smaller than the width of a human hair, are difficult to separate from plasma — the liquid component of blood — owing to their small size and low density.

Traditional methods to remove nano-particles from plasma samples typically involve diluting plasma.

These methods either alter the normal behaviour of the nano-particles or cannot be applied to some of the most common nano-particle types.

"This is the first example of isolating a wide range of nano-particles out of plasma with a minimum amount of manipulation," said Stuart Ibsen, post-doctoral fellow at University of California, San Diego.

"We have designed a very versatile technique that can be used to recover nano-particles in a lot of different processes," he added.

The new nano-particle separation technology will enable researchers better monitor what happens to nano-particles circulating in a patient's bloodstream.

Scientists can also use this technology in the clinic to determine if the blood chemistry of a particular patient is compatible with the surfaces of certain drug-delivery nano-particles.

The chip contains hundreds of tiny electrodes that generate a rapidly oscillating electric field that selectively pulls the nano-particles out of a plasma sample.

"It's amazing that this method works without any modifications to the plasma samples or to the nano-particles," Ibsen noted in the study published in the journal Small.