Evidence lacking on glaucoma screening

There is not enough evidence to say whether screening adults without vision problems for glaucoma has any clear benefit.

Many people have the degenerative eye condition, which occurs when there is damage to the optic nerve fibres that run between the eye and the brain.

In its new recommendations,  says there are not enough data showing tests for glaucoma are accurate and that treating early glaucoma ultimately prevents vision loss and improves quality of life.

"At this point, probably the most critical gap in the evidence is an approach to screening that actually works," said a Dr. 

She said a full-on eye exam that could adequately detect early signs of glaucoma takes a long time and is "way too complicated for a primary care appointment."

In looking over past studies, it was found some evidence that treating early glaucoma can reduce the chance people will develop tiny defects in the visual field, which are usually unnoticeable.

However, there is "inadequate evidence" that treatment for people without symptoms can prevent more serious vision loss and blindness, the panel wrote.

"It's clear that the treatment can improve the disease," but "It's not crystal clear that the treatment of disease before it's noticeable improves the outcome."

What's more, most glaucoma tests available in primary care offices aren't very accurate,  and can't discern when vision problems are likely to get worse. That could lead some people who never would have developed advanced glaucoma to be diagnosed and treated unnecessarily.

A glaucoma researcher  said screening can still be useful when performed by an ophthalmologist.

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