9 Dangers of Taking a Multivitamin Every Day
Polls show that roughly 80% of Americans take vitamins or supplements. You would think that something that so many people do in the name of health would be good for you, right? Not so fast. There may not be as many benefits of taking vitamin supplements—and multivitamins, in particular—as you've been led to believe.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers concluded that multivitamins don't reduce the risk for heart disease, cancer, cognitive decline, or early death. The researchers also noted that vitamin E and beta-carotene supplements actually appear to be harmful, especially at high doses.
Based on this study, it appears that taking a multivitamin doesn't have to be a part of your health routine, and nutrition experts agree.
"A generally healthy person most likely does not need to take a multivitamin! Unless my clients have dietary restrictions, food allergies, or a health condition that interferes with the absorption of food, I tell them to get their vitamins from whole foods first," says a registered dietitian.
"Multivitamins might sound convenient, but you get much more value and health benefits from just focusing on one type of supplement at a time," says a medical advisor.
Rather than opt for a one-size-fits-all solution in the form of a multivitamin, a doctor trained in both pediatric and adult neurology at Seattle Children's Hospital and the University of Washington, suggests a more targeted approach. "If there is a nutrient deficiency, an illness, or a health struggle, then appropriate choices of particular supplements can be of great use and benefit. But this calls for specific supplement choices. Please see your physician for guidance on supplement use," she urges.
If you shouldn't take a multivitamin, what should you do? Ask any nutrition expert and they'll tell you the same thing: it's best to naturally source your vitamins from fresh fruit and vegetables when you can.
To learn more about why we shouldn't be wasting our money on multivitamins, we asked registered dietitians and doctors to share the dangers of taking a multivitamin every day.
A registered dietitian notes that fat-soluble vitamins aren't the only ones you should worry about: "Most water-soluble vitamins are excreted in excess but can still cause digestive issues and also can interfere with medication and blood work results. It's always important to have blood work done to determine which vitamins and supplements you could benefit from, and which you're already getting enough of through diet."
"Obtaining your nutrients from food is always the best first-line approach to ensuring adequate nutrient intake. The purpose of a nutrition supplement is to fill in nutrient gaps that you may not be getting from your food, but it should never be considered a replacement or 'free pass' to fix a nutrient-depleted diet," says a nutrition contributor.
A registered dietitian and professor of nutrition shares that getting nutrients from whole foods provides you with nutrients that multivitamins can't: "Food contains lots of other important compounds for our body, such as those that function as antioxidants. If we try to get most of what we need from supplements, we may be missing many other important components of the diet we need for optimal health."
"Eat a wide variety of foods, especially plant-based foods, as they are not only great sources of vitamins and minerals, but also provide fiber, antioxidants, and phytochemicals, which a nutritional supplement does not have," adds a registered dietitian.
In contrast to the potential of overdosing on certain vitamins in
multivitamins, it's also entirely possible to miss out on getting the
targeted supplement that your body really needs. "Generic multivitamins
often contain insufficient doses of important vitamins such as vitamin
D. Most of us are deficient in this important vitamin, but the standard
400 IU daily found in many multivitamins is most often not sufficient,"
says a Dr.
A Dr. agrees, underscoring that ingesting these harmful contaminants is even more dangerous since you're consuming them every day. He suggests that "if you can, opt for supplements that have been third-party tested for purity and potency so you know you're getting exactly what you've paid for."