Saturday, October 26, 2019

Eat yogurt and fiber to ward off lung cancer

Yoghurt and fiber have already found to be beneficial for gastrointestinal cancer and cardiovascular disease. Now, a recent study has found protective role of yoghurt and dietary fiber against lung cancer.

Although dietary fiber ( main source of prebiotics) and yoghurt ( a probiotic food) confers various health benefits via modulating metabolic pathways and gut microbiota, their association with lung cancer are not well investigated. Researchers evaluated the individual and joint associations of dietary fibre and yoghurt consumption with lung cancer risk and assessed the potential effect modification of the associations by lifestyle and other dietary factors.


The study involved 14,45.850 adults from studies that were conducted in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. Data analyses were performed between November 2017 and February 2019. Participants who had a history of cancer at enrollment or developed any cancer, died, or were lost to follow-up within 2 years after enrollment were excluded.


Participants were divided into 5 groups, according to the amount of fiber and yoghurt they consumed. 


Those with the highest yoghurt and fiber consumption had a 33% reduced lung cancer risk as compared to the group who did not consume yoghurt and consumed the least amount of fiber.

The analytic samples included 627,988 men with a mean ( SD) age of 57.9 (9.0) years, and 817, 862 women, with a mean (SD) age of 54.8 (9.7) years.


Key findings include


1) During a median follow-up of 8.6 years, 18,822 incident lung cancer cases were documented.


2) Both fiber and yoghurt intakes were inversely associated with lung cancer risk after adjustment for status and pack-years of smoking and other lung cancer risk factors hazard ratio, 0.83 for the highest vs lowest quintile of fiber intake and hazard ratio, 0.81 for high vs no yoghurt consumption.


3) The fiber or yoghurt associations with lung cancer were significant in never smokers and were consistently observed across sex, race / ethnicity and tumour histologic type.


When considered jointly, high yoghurt consumption with the highest quintile of fiber intake showed more than 30% reduced risk of lung cancer than non-yoghurt consumption with the lowest quintile of fiber intake ( hazard ratio, 0.67) in total study populations, hazard ratio 0.69 in never smokers), suggesting potential synergism.


Our findings suggest a potential protective role of prebiotics and probiotics against lung carcinogenesis, concluded the authors.


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