New material to repair bone defects developed

Using near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, researchers have developed a bio-material that can accelerate bone healing.

While thermal therapy has been traditionally used to treat bone regeneration, it has been proved inefficient in delivering the appropriate amount of heat to the correct part of the patient's body and may cause side effects such as surface burns.

On the other hand, NIR light is electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light. Due to higher transmittance through biological tissues, it has been used as a photo-thermal therapy to release heat.

Researchers developed an implantable bio-composite made of black phosphorus nanomaterial and a widely-used tissue-engineering chemical compound to repair bone defects and promote the growth of new bone, researcher reported on Saturday.

Phosphorus is one of the vital elements constituting about 1 per cent of the total human body weight. With the black phosphorus nano-material, the composite has shown a highly-efficient photo-thermal response.

Even when the composite is covered by a tissue barrier as thick as 7 mm, it can still increase the temperature under the NIR light irradiation.

In the experiments conducted on rats, researchers found that the most effective target temperature by the NIR light-trigger is between 39.5 and 40.5 degrees Celsius, only about 3 to 5 degrees higher than the normal human body temperature.

According to lead author, the composite has large clinical potential. It is biodegradable and can produce non-toxic end products such as water and carbon dioxide which can also serve as necessary bone ingredients.

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